Table 1:
Assessment of bias for included studies
Study | Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy tool item* | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 3a | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
Studies with individual variables | |||||||||||||||
Zitzmann et al., 200623 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Ansong et al., 199924 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Fillo et al., 201225 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Mulligan et al., 200626 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Shi et al., 201427 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Hintikka et al., 200928 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Khaw et al., 200729 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Orwoll et al., 200630 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Ponholzer et al., 200531 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Araujo et al., 200732 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Clapauch et al., 200833 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Ghazi et al., 201234 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Paick et al., 200735 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Müezzinogu et al., 200736 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Liu et al., 200937 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Arrabal-Polo et al., 201238 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Tajar et al., 201039 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Kratzik et al., 200740 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Hall et al., 200841 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Acar et al., 200442 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Drinka et al., 199343 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Hyde et al., 201244 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Maggio et al., 201145 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Travison et al., 200646 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Rhoden et al., 200247 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Allan et al., 200648 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Studies with combination of variables | |||||||||||||||
Kratzik et al., 200549 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Fillo et al., 201225 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Chu et al., 200850 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Tancredi et al., 200451 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Blümel et al., 200952 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Chen et al., 201353 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Martínez-Jabaloyas et al., 200754 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Morley et al., 200055 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Goel et al., 200956 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Chueh et al., 201257 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Clapauch et al., 200833 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Smith et al., 200058 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Rabah et al., 200959 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Corona et al., 200660 | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Zengerling et al., 201261 | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Araujo et al., 200462 | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − |
Note: + = bias assessment adequately addressed; − = bias assessment inadequately addressed.
A detailed description of the tool items is provided in Appendix 2, available at www.cmaj.ca/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1503/cmaj.150262/-/DC1.