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. 2016 Jun 1;41(11):2658–2667. doi: 10.1038/npp.2016.68

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Copyright © 2016 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Experimental paradigm. Participants repeatedly made choices between sure gains and gambles associated with either double the sure gain or zero, each with a 50% probability. After choice, the unchosen option disappeared, and after 300 ms, the trial outcome was shown for 1 s. The intertrial interval (ITI) was 1.5 s. Participants performed the task in three separate sessions and in the second and third sessions received either L-DOPA or placebo (ascorbic acid). One outcome was randomly selected from those collected in each session, selected outcomes were added and the resulting amount was paid out to participants. Information on the outcomes selected was provided only after the final session.