Table 2.

Characteristics of body temperature (Tb) rhythms in captive bears during winter dormancy

	CAPTIVE
	DD All [9]	DD Juvenile [5]	DD Adult [4]	Ambient [1]
Average Tb (°C)	34.4 ± 0.1	34.4 ± 0.1	34.3 ± 0.1	33.7
Min (°C)	31.7 ± 0.5	31.9 ± 0.9	31.5 ± 0.3	30.1
Max (°C)	36.3 ± 0.2	36.1 ± 0.3	36.5 ± 0.4	35.7
Period (h)	23.9 ± 0.09	23.8 ± 0.07a	24 ± 0.07	24
Acrophase (h)	17.8 ± 0.96	19.4 ± 1.8	15.3 ± 1.47	12.6
Strength (%)	66 ± 6	64 ± 10	68 ± 5	53
Variability (h)	1.3 ± 0.07	1.2 ± 0.08	1.5 ± 0.02	1.4
Amplitude (°C)	0.37 ± 0.03	0.4 ± 0 .03	0.4 ± .05	0.4

^aSignificantly different from 24 h (one sample t-test)

Numbers of animals are indicated in brackets

Values are means ± SEM