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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: Fertil Steril. 2016 Jul 12;106(4):827–856. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.06.027

Table 12.

BPA and gonadotrophic hormones (epidemiological studies)

Study design Study population Sample size Time of BPA measurement BPA concentration Outcome Ref
Retrospective Women exposed to BPA in workplace 106 exposed, 250 unexposed Air sampling+ spot urine sample Geometric (total BPA) mean (95% confidence interval)
Exposed: 22.3 (12.4, 39.8 μg/g cr); unexposed: 0.9 (0.7, 1,1)		 Positive association between prolactin and urine BPA levels (all women); negative association between FSH and BPA (unexposed group) (124)
Prospective Women undergoing in vitro fertilization Overall 209 (antral follicle count=154; FSH=120; ovarian volume= 114) Urine: upon entry into the study and subsequent treatment visits; Ultrasound: 3rd day of an unstimulated menstrual cycle Urinary geometric mean (geometric standard deviation); Antral follicle count= 1.6 (2.0); FSH= 1.7 (2.1); ovarian volume= 1.5 (1.8) No association with day 3-FSH or ovarian volume; Higher urinary BPA concentrations associated with lower antral follicle counts (85)