Table 1.

Princeton III Consensus recommendations

Profile	Description	Sexual activity and PDE5 inhibitor use
Low	Fewer than three risk factors for coronary artery disease* (excluding sex) Controlled hypertension Class I or II stable angina‡ Successful coronary revascularization History of uncomplicated myocardial infarction Mild valvular disease, congestive heart failure without left ventricular dysfunction and/or New York Heart Association class I heart failure	Cleared to resume sexual activity Cleared to take PDE5 inhibitors
Intermediate	At least three risk factors for coronary artery disease* (excluding sex) Class I or II stable angina‡ Recent myocardial infarction (within 2–6 weeks) Left ventricular dysfunction and/or New York Heart Association class II congestive heart failure Noncardiac sequela from atherosclerotic disease (stroke and/or peripheral vascular disease)	Cardiac evaluation necessary prior to resuming sexual activity No contraindication to PDE5 inhibitor use
High	Unstable or refractory angina Uncontrolled hypertension New York Heart Association class III–IV congestive heart failure Recent myocardial infarction (within 2 weeks) High-risk arrhythmias Severe cardiomyopathy Moderate to severe vascular disease	Sexual activity delayed until cardiac condition stabilized

Princeton III Consensus recommendations for risk stratification and cardiovascular evaluation for sexual activity¹⁰⁰. PDE5, phosphodiesterase type 5.

^*Major cardiovascular risk factors include age, male gender, hypertension, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking, dyslipidaemia, a sedentary lifestyle and a family history of premature cardiovascular disease.

^‡Defined by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (see REF. 223).