Figure 1.

The exercise intervention consisted of home-based exercise, three times a week, during 1 year. Focus was on either strength training or stretching exercises. The strengthening exercises addressed neck flexion muscles, muscles in the upper extremities (the trapezius, deltoids, rhomboids, pectoralis, latissimus, and biceps), core muscles (back and abdominals), and the leg muscles (the hamstrings, quadriceps, and gluteal muscles). The stretching exercises addressed muscles in the neck, shoulders, and upper extremities (the trapezius, neck extensors, neck flexors, pectoralis, triceps, rhomboids, wrist extensors, and wrist flexors).