Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the participant groups
| Characteristic | Controls (n=15) |
MCI (n=28) |
AD (n=13) |
F/χ2 | P-value | P<0.05* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 64.9 | 8.1 | 70.1 | 6.8 | 73.1 | 5.5 | 5.10 | 0.01 | a |
| Sex (male/female) | 5/10 | 13/15 | 6/7 | 0.76 | 0.68 | ||||
| Education, mean ± SD, years | 14.5 | 3.4 | 13.1 | 4.4 | 12.2 | 3.9 | 1.26 | 0.29 | |
| Symptom onset, mean ± SD, years | NA | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 0.08 | 0.78 | ||
| Baseline medication | |||||||||
| Total number of medications, mean ± SD | 2.3 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 1.6 | 5.85 | 0.01 | a, c |
| Cholinesterase inhibitors, n | 0 | 13 | 10 | 17.69 | <0.001 | a, c | |||
| Memantine, n | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3.60 | 0.17 | ||||
| Antidepressants, n | 1 | 10 | 4 | 3.60 | 0.17 | ||||
| Antipsychotics, n | 0 | 2 | 5 | 2.98 | 0.23 | ||||
| Carriers APOEε4, % | 38.5 | 36.8 | 44.4 | 0.15 | 0.93 | ||||
Notes:
*
Multiple comparisons abbreviated as a: controls differ from subjects with AD, b: subjects with MCI differ from subjects with AD, c: controls differ from subjects with MCI. The χ2 test was used for comparison of categorical variables. One-way ANOVA was used for comparisons of continuous variables.
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; SD, standard deviation.