Table 1.
Demographics, DLBCL Characteristics, and Oncologic Treatment in the HCV-Infected Cases and Uninfected Controls
| Characteristic | Cases (N=76) No. of Patients (%) |
Controls (N=228) No. of Patients (%) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years [median (IQR)] | 59 (53-63) | 59 (53-64) | Matched |
| Sex | N = 76 | N = 228 | Matched |
| Male | 53 (70) | 159 (70) | |
| Female | 23 (30) | 69 (30) | |
| Race | N = 75 | N = 225 | 0.01 |
| White | 51 (68) | 175 (78) | |
| Black | 14 (19) | 9 (4) | |
| Hispanic | 6 (8) | 33 (15) | |
| Other* | 4 (5) | 8 (3) | |
| Transformation of DLBCL | N = 76 | N = 228 | 0.28 |
| De novo DLBCL | 55 (72) | 178 (78) | |
| Transformed DLBCL† | 21 (28) | 50 (22) | |
| DLBCL subtype | N = 54 | N = 198 | 0.39 |
| GCB | 30 (56) | 123 (62) | |
| Non-GCB | 24 (44) | 75 (38) | |
| Ann Arbor stage | N = 75 | N = 228 | Matched |
| 1-2 | 15 (20) | 45 (20) | |
| 3-4 | 60 (80) | 183 (80) | |
| ECOG score | N = 62 | N = 207 | 0.13 |
| 0-1 | 44 (71) | 165 (80) | |
| 2-4 | 18 (29) | 42 (20) | |
| IPI score | N = 58 | N = 205 | 0.37 |
| Low risk (0-1) | 21(36) | 63 (31) | |
| Intermediate risk (2-3) | 24 (41) | 106 (51) | |
| High risk (4-5) | 13 (23) | 36 (18) | |
| Presence of B symptoms | 24/73 (33) | 82/219 (38) | 0.47 |
| Extra nodal involvement | 60/76 (79) | 164/228 (72) | 0.07 |
| Upper GI‡ and splenic involvement | 32/76 (42) | 54/228 (24) | 0.004 |
| Para-aortic lymph node involvement | 44/76 (58) | 110/218 (50) | 0.24 |
| Bone marrow involvement | 27/74 (36) | 61/228 (27) | 0.08 |
| Cirrhosis at DLBCL diagnosis | 18/76 (24) | 4/220 (2) | <0.0001 |
| First-line CT | N = 75 | N = 228 | 0.91 |
| R-CHOP | 54 (72) | 165 (72) | |
| Other§ | 21 (28) | 63 (28) | |
| Second-line CT | N = 33 | N = 105 | 0.55 |
| R-ICE | 19 (58) | 64 (61) | |
| Other║ | 14 (42) | 41 (39) | |
| Radiotherapy | 18/74 (24) | 62/228 (27) | 0.55 |
| HCT | 16/74 (22) | 66/228 (29) | 0.15 |
| Mortality/survival | N = 76 | N = 228 | 0.79 |
| Dead | 30 (39) | 94 (41) | |
| Cause of death | N = 26 | N = 71 | -- |
| Refractory DLBCL | 15 (58) | 45 (63) | |
| Liver failure | 2 (8) ¶ | 0 | |
| Infections other than HCV | 4 (15) | 9 (13) | |
| Others# | 5 (19) | 17 (24) |
DLBCL indicates diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; GCB, germinal center B-cell; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; IPI, International Prognostic Index; GI, gastrointestinal; CT, chemotherapy; R-CHOP, rituximab-cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone; R-ICE, rituximab-ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide; HCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; HCV, hepatitis C virus.
Asian or Pacific Islander.
According to composite or discordant biopsy results (lymph node and bone marrow biopsies) or a previous history of indolent lymphoma.
Stomach, liver, and/or pancreas.
Rituximab-etoposide, prednisone, Oncovin (vincristine), cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin) (R-EPOCH); rituximab-cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and dexamethasone (R-hyper-CVAD); or CHOP. Only three patients did not receive rituximab.
Rituximab-etoposide, methylprednisolone, cytarabine, and cisplatin (R-ESHAP); rituximab-gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (R-GEMOX); rituximab-dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin (R-DHAP); or rituximab-mesna, ifosfamide, novantrone, and etoposide (R-MINE).
Bulky disease at the level of hepatic hilum (n=1), septic shock with multiorgan failure (n=1).
Myocardial infarction, tamponade, or other cancers.