Table 3.
Associations of physical functioning and health-related quality of life at 3 months after hospital discharge
| Variable n = 50a | 6-Minute walk test | Grip | Triceps | Biceps | Hamstrings | Quadriceps | Ankle dorsiflexors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EuroQol-5Db | |||||||
| Mobility | −0.211 (0.003) | −0.297 (0.030) | −0.223 (0.144) | −0.228 (0.097) | −0.283 (0.021) | −0.252 (0.019) | −0.140 (0.125) |
| Self-care | −0.177 (0.067) | −0.132 (0.435) | −0.170 (0.372) | 0.165 (0.336) | −0.198 (0.190) | −0.177 (0.197) | −0.142 (0.212) |
| Usual activities | −0.177 (0.006) | −0.166 (0.153) | −0.044 (0.736) | −0.061 (0.606) | −0.103 (0.335) | −0.070 (0.446) | −0.127 (0.105) |
| Pain/discomfort | −0.125 (0.031) | −0.020 (0.855) | −0.011 (0.929) | −0.105 (0.345) | −0.096 (0.359) | −0.072 (0.412) | −0.031 (0.688) |
| Anxiety/depression | −0.123 (0.079) | −0.099 (0.476) | −0.120 (0.421) | −0.065 (0.630) | −0.021 (0.866) | −0.001 (0.994) | −0.007 (0.941) |
| Visual analog scalec | 0.050 (0.025) | 0.324 (0.428) | 0.028 (0.534) | 0.018 (0.662) | 0.026 (0.480) | −0.010 (0.759) | −0.009 (0.746) |
| Short-from 36 | |||||||
| Physical functioningd | 0.005 (0.001) | 0.006 (0.019) | 0.004 (0.178) | 0.004 (0.112) | 0.005 (0.026) | 0.004 (0.062) | 0.003 (0.063) |
| Physical composite scoree | 0.010 (0.001) | 0.008 (0.185) | 0.000 (0.997) | 0.007 (0.266) | 0.009 (0.105) | 0.008 (0.113) | 0.004 (0.320) |
| Mental composite scoree | 0.005 (0.118) | 0.010 (0.128) | 0.003 (0.712) | 0.006 (0.409) | 0.005 (0.416) | 0.005 (0.308) | 0.004 (0.453) |
| HADSf | |||||||
| Anxiety | −0.029 (0.001) | −0.023 (0.176) | −0.025 (0.179) | −0.025 (0.130) | −0.023 (0.123) | −0.018 (0.16) | −0.014 (0.251) |
| Depression | −0.016 (0.098) | −0.033 (0.080) | −0.008 (0.718) | −0.023 (0.214) | −0.012 (0.174) | −0.027 (0.067) | 0.010 (0.450) |
ICU intensive care unit, LOS length of stay, APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, 6MWT 6-min walk test
aβ-Coefficients (p value) modeled as univariate regression analyses. 6MWT and muscle strength modeled as percent predicted. β-Coefficients represent the percent change in the physical functioning variable per unit change in exposure variable
bEach domain of the EuroQol-5D questionnaire modeled as 0 “no problems” and 1 “any problems”
cVisual analog scale of the EQ-5D scores ranges from 0 to 10 based on patients perspective of current overall health
dThe physical function domain is standardized to a 0–100 scale, and higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life
ePhysical and mental composite scores of the short-form 36 survey, standardized to Canadian norms. Scores can range from 0 to 100 and are standardized to 50, which represents the average Canadian’s health-related quality of life
fHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), scores range from 0 to 21, significant symptoms of anxiety/depression defined as scores ≥8