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. 2016 Sep 14;4:e2451. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2451

Figure 4. Levels of cytokines from skin tissues with or without 40 scrapes Gua Sha treatment.

Figure 4

Groups were set as following: (1) untreated skin from naïve mice; (2) treated skin samples taken 1 h after 40 scrapes; (3) untreated skin samples from treated mice 1 h after 40 scrapes; (4) treated skin samples taken 2 h after 40 scrapes; (5) untreated skin samples from treated mice 2 h after 40 scrapes. 0.1 g of skin tissue were excised, rinsed in 1 µl PBS and homogenized on ice. The concentrations of TNF-α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-6 (C), IL-10 (D), IL-12p70 (E), and IL-23 (F) in the supernatants were measured with ELISA and data were shown as mean + SD . Statistical comparisons were made between each group and the untreated group. (n = 6, *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s posttest.)