Table 3.

Adjusted Odds Ratios for Family Discussion Participation for Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics

Characteristics	OR (95% CI)
Age at PICU admission
0 d to < 14 d	3.18 (1.69–5.97)
14 d to < 1 mo	0.42 (0.06–3.17)
1 mo to < 12 mo	0.98 (0.67–1.43)
> 12 mo	Reference
Race/ethnicity
White, NH	Reference
American Indian or     Alaska Native, NH	2.03 (0.77–5.34)
Asian, NH	1.25 (0.59–2.66)
Black or African American, NH	0.42 (0.26–0.67)
Hispanic	0.93 (0.60–1.43)
Multiracial, NH	0.00 (< 0.00–> 999.99)
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific     Islander, NH	1.05 (0.16–6.99)
Unknown or not reported	0.96 (0.59–1.57)
Payer type
Nongovernment	Reference
Government	1.58 (1.12–2.22)
Site
1	2.92 (1.37–6.20)
2	2.63 (1.25–5.55)
3	4.75 (2.23–10.09)
4	6.15 (2.94–12.85)
5	2.12 (0.98–4.56)
6	3.19 (1.47–6.91)
7	Reference
Primary diagnosis
Respiratory	Reference
Cancer	3.60 (1.79–7.25)
Cardiovascular disease:     acquired	0.86 (0.54–1.36)
Cardiovascular disease:     congenital	1.30 (0.71–2.37)
Neurologic	0.57 (0.36–0.91)
Miscellaneousa	0.27 (0.14–0.51)
Baseline Functional Status Score
Good (6, 7)	Reference
Mildly abnormal (8, 9)	2.26 (1.39–3.66)
Moderately abnormal (10–15)	3.37 (2.28–4.99)
Severely abnormal (16–21)	4.55 (2.55–8.11)
Very severely abnormal (> 21)	5.64 (2.72–11.71)
Pediatric Risk of Mortality III	1.56 (1.48–1.65)b
Admitted for postoperative care
No	Reference
Yes	0.33 (0.19–0.56)
Any catastrophic event between     24 hr prior to hospital     admission up to PICU     admission
No	Reference
Yes	2.68 (1.72–4.19)
PICU admission status
Elective	Reference
Emergency	2.26 (1.34–3.81)

OR = odds ratio, NH = non-Hispanic.

^aIncludes diabetic ketoacidosis, musculoskeletal condition, gastrointestinal disorder, hematologic disorder, renal, and miscellaneous.

^bThe OR shows the odds of participating in a limitation or withdrawal of life support discussion for every 3 unit increase in Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score.