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. 2016 Mar 14;7(17):23512–23520. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8049

Figure 1. NNK exposure promoted cell proliferation, induced chemoresistance and increased anti-apoptosis.

Figure 1

A. NNK exposure stimulated the cell proliferation in both a dose- (0, 10, 100 nM) and time-dependent (24, 48, 72 h) manner (Magnification 200X) B. LT-NNK exposure induced chemoresistance with statistical significance in HT29 cells. C. LT-NNK exposure upregulated expression of MDR1 and ABCG2. D. Western blotting analysis demonstrated LT-NNK-treated cells conceded an anti-apoptotic property with downregulation of apoptotic-related proteins including Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, along with decreased RKIP; and upregulation of Bcl-2 in HT29 cells.