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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Aug 4;69:136–146. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.005

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

A spastic muscle is characterized by a reduced range of voluntary change of the tonic stretch reflex threshold (λ), from λMIN to λMAX. As a result, the muscle cannot generate voluntary activation at length values below λMIN and it shows spastic contractions at length values over λMAX. The total biomechanical range of muscle length is shown between LMIN and LMAX.