Table 5.
Meta-analysis findings on neuropsychological domains associated with bipolar disorder.
| Article | Krabbendam, Arts, van Os, and Aleman (2005) |
Robinson et al. (2006) | Torres, Boudreau, and Yatham (2007) | Arts et al. (2008) | Bora, Yucel, and Pantelis (2009) | Kurtz and Gerraty (2009) |
Mann-Wrobel, Carreno, and Dickinson (2011) | Samame (2013) |
Bourne et al. (2013) | Lee et al. (2014) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aggregate Sample Size & Mean Age | 762 BD | 689 BD | 948 BD (39.8) |
679 BD 336 BD-RL |
1446 (38.8) BD 443(38.5) BD-RL |
1197 BD (38.91) |
1026 BD (40.5) |
650 BD | 2876 BD (38.8) |
341 BD (28.2) |
| Homogeneity Test | Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
Homogenous | Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
Heterogeneity observed |
| Psychomotor Speed | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||||
| Attention | *** sustained attention |
*** | ** sustained attention |
*** sustained attention ☉ |
** | ** | *** ** attentional switching |
|||
| Response Inhibition | *** | *** ☉ | ** | - | ||||||
| Executive Functioning | *** | *** | *** | *** ☉ | *** ☉ | *** | *** | *** | *** cognitive flexibility |
|
| Perceptual | ** | |||||||||
| Abstraction and set shifting | ** concept formation |
*** | ** ☉ | ** | ||||||
| Verbal learning and memory | ** | *** | *** | *** ☉ | *** ☉ | *** | *** | ** | ||
| Memory | *** verbal working |
** immediate |
*** working | *** | *** Episodic & working |
** working Memory |
||||
| Visual Learning & memory | *** | ** | ** | - | ||||||
| Visuo-perception | * | ** | ** | |||||||
| Verbal fluency | *** | ** | *** | ** | ** | *** | ** | |||
| Processing Speed | *** | ** | *** | *** | ||||||
| Emotion Processing | ** | |||||||||
| Decision Making | - | |||||||||
| Mentalizing skills | *** | *** |
BD: *** High ES; **Small ES; - No group differences seen. BD-RL: ☉ Deficits found.