Table 3.
Association between pre-existing endophenotypes and nicotine addiction-related features in animal studies.
| Pre-existing phenotype | Nicotine addiction-related features | Species | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Motor impulsivity (5-CSRTT) | ↗ IVSA acquisition and under PR schedule | Wistar rats | Diergaarde et al. (206) |
| Cognitive impulsivity (delayed discounting task) | ↗ IVSA under PR schedule | Wistar rats | Diergaarde et al. (206), Diergaarde et al. (207) |
| ↗ resistance to extinction of nicotine-seeking after IVSA | |||
| ↗ cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking | |||
| Ø somatic withdrawal | Lister-hooded rats | Kolotroni et al. (208) | |
| Locomotor response to novelty (horizontal locomotion) | ↗ IVSA acquisition and under PR schedule | Sprague-Dawley rats | Suto et al. (209) |
| Ø IVSA acquisition and under PR schedule | Sprague-Dawley rats | Guillem et al. (210) | |
| ↘ nicotine-induced CPP | C57Bl/6N mice | Bernardi and Spanagel (211) | |
| ↘ nicotine-induced CPP | Sprague-Dawley rats | Pastor et al. (212) | |
| ↗ social anxiety in response to a nicotine challenge after nicotine abstinence | Sprague-Dawley rats | Aydin et al. (213–216) | |
| Locomotor response to novelty (rearing) and novelty seeking (novel object preference) | Ø voluntary oral nicotine intake and nicotine-induced CPP | Wistar rats | Pawlak and Schwarting (217, 218) |
| Novelty seeking (novel object preference) | Predictive of nicotine IVSA | Sprague-Dawley rats | Wang et al. (219) |
| Novelty seeking (hole-board activity box) | ↗ voluntary oral nicotine intake | C57Bl/6 mice | Abreu-Villaca et al. (220) |
| Anxiety (EPM and hole-board activity box) | Ø voluntary oral nicotine intake | C57Bl/6 mice | Abreu-Villaca et al. (220), Manhaes et al. (221) |
| Anxiety (EPM) | Ø voluntary oral nicotine intake | Wistar rats | Pawlak and Schwarting (217) |
| Anxiety (CPP apparatus used as a dark–light box) | ↗ nicotine-induced CPP | Sprague-Dawley rats | Falco et al. (222) |
| Anxiety (EPM) | Predictive of nicotine IVSA and context-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking | Sprague-Dawley rats | Wang et al. (219) |
| Stress reactivity (multiple tests) | Ø IV SA acquisition and extinction of nicotine seeking | Intercross between C57Bl/6J and C3H mice | Bilkei-Gorzo et al. (223) |
| ↗ stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking | |||
| Depression (tail suspension test) | Predictive of nicotine IVSA and context-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking | Sprague-Dawley rats | Wang et al. (219) |
5-CSRTT, 5-choice serial reaction time task; IVSA, intravenous self-administration; PR, progressive ratio; CPP, conditioned place preference; EPM, elevated plus maze.