Table 2. Burden of Direct Medical Expenditures related to Malnutrition by Disease (Million Dollars).
Monte Carlo Simulation Confidence Intervals (90%) in brackets.1
| State | Stroke | COPD | CHF | Colon Cancer | Breast Cancer | Dementia | Musculo-skelatal | Depression | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $22.0 ($14.1, $30.3) | $30.7 ($22.5, $39.8) | $8.7 ($6.0, $12.1) | $3.0 ($1.2, $5.4) | $1.1 ($0.2, $2.1) | $152.4 ($111.0, $202.0) | $10.6 ($4.6, $17.3) | $38.4 ($26.7, $52.9) | $267.0 ($218.2, $323.7) |
| Alaska | $1.9 ($1.1, $2.8) | $3.0 ($2.2, $4.0) | $1.0 ($0.7, $1.3) | $0.3 ($0.1, $0.6) | $0.1 ($0.0, $0.2) | $17.8 ($12.8, $23.6) | $1.8 ($0.8, $2.9) | $6.7 ($4.4, $9.5) | $32.6 ($25.9, $39.3) |
| Arizona | $21.8 ($12.6, $30.7) | $33.8 ($24.6, $44.5) | $11.8 ($8.0, $16.6) | $4.1 ($1.3, $7.4) | $1.8 ($0.2, $3.4) | $165.2 ($118.1, $221.9) | $15.3 ($6.6, $25.4) | $49.7 ($33.7, $69.6) | $303.5 ($241.3, $371.0) |
| Arkansas | $11.5 ($7.2, $16.0) | $16.8 ($12.5, $21.6) | $5.3 ($3.7, $7.4) | $1.8 ($0.6, $3.3) | $0.8 ($0.1, $1.4) | $82.1 ($59.5, $109.7) | $6.5 ($2.7, $10.9) | $22.1 ($15.2, $31.0) | $147.0 ($118.6, $179.1) |
| California | $120.8 ($72.9, $169.7) | $184.7 ($137.7, $238.1) | $56.7 ($40.1, $78.7) | $21.5 ($7.1, $39.5) | $8.6 ($2.4, $15.2) | $988.6 ($717.9, $1,304.2) | $91.3 ($41.2, $147.7) | $307.0 ($210.8, $426.2) | $1,779.3 ($1,434.1, $2,148.1) |
| Colorado | $16.3 ($9.2, $23.4) | $25.0 ($18.0, $33.0) | $8.2 ($5.7, $11.5) | $2.6 ($0.8, $4.7) | $1.1 ($0.1, $2.2) | $130.6 ($91.9, $177.1) | $12.4 ($5.1, $21.0) | $40.4 ($26.9, $57.5) | $236.7 ($185.6, $291.4) |
| Connecticut | $13.1 ($8.0, $18.3) | $19.9 ($14.8, $25.8) | $6.5 ($4.5, $9.0) | $2.1 ($0.7, $3.9) | $0.9 ($0.1, $1.8) | $98.2 ($70.5, $131.8) | $8.7 ($3.6, $14.6) | $27.6 ($19.0, $38.8) | $177.0 ($142.0, $215.7) |
| Delaware | $4.1 ($2.6, $5.6) | $5.8 ($4.3, $7.5) | $1.8 ($1.2, $2.5) | $0.6 ($0.2, $1.1) | $0.2 ($0.0, $0.4) | $28.7 ($21.1, $38.0) | $2.1 ($0.9, $3.4) | $7.4 ($5.2, $10.2) | $50.8 ($41.1, $61.7) |
| District of Columbia | $3.9 ($2.3, $5.6) | $4.8 ($3.2, $6.5) | $1.0 ($0.6, $1.4) | $0.3 ($0.1, $0.8) | $0.1 ($0.0, $0.1) | $26.5 ($19.1, $35.1) | $1.4 ($0.5, $2.4) | $6.4 ($4.5, $8.6) | $44.3 ($35.3, $53.7) |
| Florida | $84.7 ($53.6, $116.1) | $125.9 ($93.5, $162.8) | $41.2 ($28.6, $57.3) | $14.5 ($5.1, $27.1) | $6.1 ($0.7, $11.3) | $591.8 ($430.5, $785.4) | $45.8 ($19.1, $75.6) | $151.6 ($104.7, $211.9) | $1,061.7 ($859.1, $1,287.8) |
| Georgia | $43.4 ($27.2, $60.6) | $61.4 ($44.3, $80.3) | $15.8 ($10.8, $21.8) | $5.2 ($2.1, $9.5) | $1.9 ($0.5, $3.4) | $317.3 ($230.7, $417.8) | $21.9 ($9.3, $36.1) | $82.8 ($58.2, $113.4) | $549.7 ($444.9, $665.6) |
| Hawaii | $4.3 ($2.3, $6.9) | $7.9 ($5.1, $11.4) | $2.3 ($1.4, $3.4) | $1.5 ($0.1, $4.2) | $0.4 ($0.1, $0.8) | $46.8 ($32.5, $63.9) | $4.3 ($1.5, $7.4) | $17.2 ($9.7, $26.7) | $84.8 ($66.6, $103.9) |
| Idaho | $4.8 ($2.6, $7.0) | $7.4 ($5.2, $9.8) | $2.7 ($1.8, $3.8) | $0.9 ($0.2, $1.6) | $0.4 ($0.0, $0.7) | $36.8 ($25.4, $50.4) | $3.6 ($1.3, $6.1) | $11.2 ($7.3, $16.1) | $67.7 ($52.6, $84.0) |
| Illinois | $47.7 ($29.5, $66.6) | $69.3 ($51.8, $88.8) | $21.0 ($14.5, $29.0) | $7.0 ($2.7, $12.7) | $2.9 ($0.5, $5.4) | $354.4 ($256.8, $471.0) | $29.3 ($12.5, $48.1) | $98.9 ($68.8, $138.3) | $630.5 ($509.1, $768.1) |
| Indiana | $22.6 ($13.4, $31.8) | $33.8 ($25.0, $44.4) | $11.0 ($7.6, $15.3) | $3.5 ($1.2, $6.4) | $1.6 ($0.1, $3.0) | $168.8 ($120.7, $227.7) | $15.0 ($5.9, $25.3) | $47.9 ($32.3, $68.5) | $304.1 ($242.0, $373.6) |
| Iowa | $10.0 ($5.5, $14.3) | $15.5 ($11.0, $20.5) | $5.5 ($3.7, $7.8) | $1.8 ($0.5, $3.3) | $0.8 ($0.0, $1.6) | $74.8 ($52.3, $101.8) | $7.2 ($2.6, $12.3) | $21.7 ($14.3, $31.1) | $137.2 ($107.8, $169.4) |
| Kansas | $9.4 ($5.4, $13.3) | $14.3 ($10.5, $18.8) | $4.8 ($3.3, $6.7) | $1.5 ($0.5, $2.8) | $0.7 ($0.1, $1.3) | $71.4 ($50.9, $96.4) | $6.6 ($2.7, $11.1) | $21.0 ($14.1, $30.0) | $129.6 ($102.5, $159.1) |
| Kentucky | $15.3 ($9.0, $21.5) | $23.0 ($16.9, $30.3) | $7.6 ($5.2, $10.7) | $2.4 ($0.8, $4.5) | $1.1 ($0.1, $2.1) | $113.8 ($81.3, $154.0) | $10.2 ($3.8, $17.3) | $32.0 ($21.4, $46.1) | $205.4 ($163.0, $252.5) |
| Louisiana | $21.3 ($13.6, $29.6) | $29.6 ($21.5, $38.7) | $7.8 ($5.3, $10.7) | $2.6 ($1.1, $4.8) | $0.9 ($0.2, $1.7) | $150.8 ($109.6, $199.4) | $10.1 ($4.2, $16.7) | $37.9 ($26.5, $51.9) | $261.0 ($212.2, $316.2) |
| Maine | $4.6 ($2.6, $6.7) | $7.2 ($5.1, $9.6) | $2.8 ($1.9, $3.9) | $0.9 ($0.2, $1.7) | $0.4 ($0.0, $0.8) | $33.9 ($23.5, $46.2) | $3.3 ($1.1, $5.7) | $9.5 ($6.2, $13.8) | $62.5 ($48.9, $77.9) |
| Maryland | $27.4 ($17.5, $37.7) | $37.9 ($27.6, $49.3) | $10.1 ($6.9, $13.9) | $3.5 ($1.4, $6.4) | $1.2 ($0.3, $2.2) | $196.3 ($143.3, $257.3) | $13.4 ($5.8, $21.8) | $50.5 ($35.6, $68.8) | $340.4 ($278.0, $409.7) |
| Massachusetts | $23.4 ($14.0, $32.7) | $35.7 ($26.4, $46.7) | $11.7 ($8.1, $16.2) | $3.8 ($1.3, $6.8) | $1.8 ($0.2, $3.3) | $177.9 ($127.5, $238.5) | $16.6 ($7.0, $27.8) | $51.8 ($35.3, $73.2) | $322.6 ($258.2, $395.2) |
| Michigan | $38.3 ($24.1, $53.0) | $56.1 ($41.9, $72.2) | $18.0 ($12.4, $25.0) | $5.9 ($2.1, $10.9) | $2.5 ($0.3, $4.6) | $278.3 ($201.3, $372.8) | $23.0 ($9.3, $38.2) | $75.4 ($51.8, $106.2) | $497.5 ($400.8, $606.7) |
| Minnesota | $17.1 ($9.7, $24.5) | $26.8 ($19.4, $35.4) | $9.2 ($6.3, $12.9) | $2.9 ($0.9, $5.3) | $1.3 ($0.1, $2.5) | $134.2 ($94.9, $181.1) | $13.0 ($5.4, $21.9) | $40.8 ($27.6, $58.1) | $245.3 ($194.4, $302.0) |
| Mississippi | $14.6 ($9.2, $20.3) | $20.0 ($14.4, $26.4) | $5.2 ($3.5, $7.2) | $1.8 ($0.7, $3.3) | $0.6 ($0.1, $1.2) | $100.5 ($73.0, $132.8) | $6.3 ($2.6, $10.5) | $24.4 ($17.0, $33.3) | $173.3 ($140.2, $210.8) |
| Missouri | $22.3 ($13.5, $30.9) | $33.1 ($24.6, $43.1) | $10.7 ($7.5, $15.0) | $3.5 ($1.2, $6.5) | $1.5 ($0.1, $2.9) | $163.2 ($117.4, $219.7) | $13.8 ($5.6, $23.2) | $44.9 ($30.5, $63.6) | $293.1 ($235.1, $358.4) |
| Montana | $3.3 ($1.8, $4.7) | $5.1 ($3.6, $6.8) | $2.0 ($1.3, $2.8) | $0.6 ($0.2, $1.2) | $0.3 ($0.0, $0.5) | $25.0 ($17.4, $34.0) | $2.4 ($0.9, $4.1) | $7.5 ($5.0, $10.7) | $46.3 ($36.3, $57.1) |
| Nebraska | $5.9 ($3.3, $8.5) | $9.1 ($6.5, $12.0) | $3.1 ($2.1, $4.4) | $1.0 ($0.3, $1.8) | $0.5 ($0.0, $0.9) | $45.0 ($31.6, $61.1) | $4.2 ($1.6, $7.2) | $13.4 ($9.0, $19.1) | $82.2 ($64.7, $101.0) |
| Nevada | $9.5 ($5.9, $13.2) | $14.6 ($10.8, $18.8) | $4.7 ($3.3, $6.5) | $1.7 ($0.6, $3.1) | $0.6 ($0.2, $1.1) | $75.7 ($55.1, $100.5) | $6.5 ($2.9, $10.5) | $22.3 ($15.5, $30.9) | $135.6 ($109.8, $164.5) |
| New Hampshire | $4.3 ($2.4, $6.2) | $6.7 ($4.8, $9.0) | $2.5 ($1.7, $3.5) | $0.8 ($0.2, $1.5) | $0.4 ($0.0, $0.7) | $33.1 ($23.0, $45.2) | $3.3 ($1.2, $5.8) | $9.7 ($6.3, $14.1) | $60.9 ($47.3, $76.0) |
| New Jersey | $33.6 ($21.4, $46.4) | $49.6 ($37.1, $63.5) | $15.2 ($10.6, $20.8) | $5.2 ($1.9, $9.4) | $2.2 ($0.5, $4.0) | $251.2 ($184.6, $330.8) | $21.3 ($9.5, $34.5) | $70.5 ($49.5, $97.9) | $448.7 ($364.7, $542.6) |
| New York | $78.4 ($49.4, $108.7) | $113.4 ($84.7, $144.6) | $33.4 ($23.4, $45.7) | $11.7 ($4.6, $20.8) | $4.7 ($1.1, $8.6) | $579.9 ($426.9, $762.3) | $46.2 ($20.8, $75.4) | $158.2 ($111.8, $219.9) | $1,025.8 ($833.4, $1,238.8) |
| New Mexico | $6.5 ($3.7, $9.1) | $10.1 ($7.3, $13.2) | $3.6 ($2.5, $5.0) | $1.2 ($0.4, $2.3) | $0.5 ($0.1, $1.0) | $50.2 ($35.6, $67.3) | $4.8 ($2.0, $7.9) | $15.6 ($10.6, $22.1) | $92.5 ($73.2, $112.8) |
| North Carolina | $42.0 ($26.6, $58.1) | $59.2 ($43.8, $76.2) | $17.2 ($11.9, $23.7) | $5.8 ($2.3, $10.5) | $2.3 ($0.4, $4.2) | $298.0 ($218.2, $395.7) | $22.2 ($9.7, $36.0) | $79.0 ($55.1, $109.5) | $525.5 ($426.1, $638.2) |
| North Dakota | $2.2 ($1.2, $3.2) | $3.5 ($2.5, $4.6) | $1.2 ($0.8, $1.7) | $0.4 ($0.1, $0.7) | $0.2 ($0.0, $0.3) | $17.4 ($12.1, $23.6) | $1.7 ($0.7, $2.9) | $5.5 ($3.7, $7.9) | $32.0 ($25.0, $39.5) |
| Ohio | $43.8 ($26.9, $60.3) | $64.4 ($47.9, $83.5) | $20.8 ($14.4, $28.9) | $6.7 ($2.4, $12.5) | $2.9 ($0.3, $5.6) | $317.2 ($228.4, $426.0) | $26.7 ($10.6, $44.6) | $86.0 ($58.6, $122.2) | $568.4 ($456.1, $695.4) |
| Oklahoma | $12.9 ($7.9, $17.9) | $19.8 ($14.7, $25.5) | $6.4 ($4.5, $9.0) | $2.3 ($0.8, $4.1) | $1.0 ($0.2, $1.8) | $100.1 ($72.7, $133.1) | $9.2 ($4.2, $14.8) | $31.4 ($21.5, $43.8) | $183.0 ($147.5, $221.7) |
| Oregon | $12.9 ($7.2, $18.4) | $20.0 ($14.3, $26.4) | $7.2 ($4.9, $10.2) | $2.4 ($0.7, $4.4) | $1.1 ($0.1, $2.0) | $98.5 ($69.2, $133.6) | $9.5 ($3.8, $16.0) | $29.5 ($19.8, $41.6) | $181.0 ($142.3, $222.7) |
| Pennsylvania | $48.7 ($29.7, $67.0) | $72.9 ($54.2, $94.8) | $24.1 ($16.7, $33.5) | $7.9 ($2.7, $14.7) | $3.6 ($0.3, $6.7) | $352.9 ($254.4, $474.6) | $30.2 ($12.1, $50.3) | $95.8 ($65.4, $135.6) | $636.0 ($512.4, $777.2) |
| Rhode Island | $3.7 ($2.2, $5.2) | $5.7 ($4.2, $7.5) | $1.9 ($1.3, $2.6) | $0.6 ($0.2, $1.1) | $0.3 ($0.0, $0.6) | $27.9 ($19.9, $37.6) | $2.6 ($1.1, $4.4) | $8.1 ($5.5, $11.5) | $50.8 ($40.5, $62.3) |
| South Carolina | $22.6 ($14.4, $30.9) | $31.2 ($22.9, $40.5) | $8.9 ($6.1, $12.3) | $3.1 ($1.2, $5.6) | $1.1 ($0.2, $2.1) | $155.3 ($113.1, $205.7) | $10.5 ($4.5, $17.1) | $38.6 ($26.9, $52.9) | $271.4 ($221.2, $328.4) |
| South Dakota | $2.6 ($1.4, $3.7) | $4.1 ($2.9, $5.4) | $1.5 ($1.0, $2.1) | $0.5 ($0.1, $0.9) | $0.2 ($0.0, $0.4) | $19.9 ($14.0, $27.0) | $2.0 ($0.8, $3.3) | $6.4 ($4.3, $9.1) | $37.1 ($29.2, $45.5) |
| Tennessee | $25.8 ($16.1, $35.9) | $37.5 ($27.8, $48.3) | $11.6 ($8.0, $16.0) | $3.8 ($1.4, $7.0) | $1.6 ($0.2, $3.0) | $185.8 ($134.7, $247.6) | $14.8 ($6.1, $24.7) | $49.8 ($34.1, $70.1) | $330.6 ($266.2, $403.8) |
| Texas | $87.4 ($53.4, $122.9) | $129.2 ($96.1, $167.2) | $37.8 ($26.3, $52.7) | $12.2 ($4.3, $22.2) | $5.1 ($0.9, $9.4) | $680.7 ($491.1, $912.3) | $58.6 ($24.6, $97.5) | $201.0 ($138.4, $283.0) | $1,212.2 ($975.9, $1,480.5) |
| Utah | $7.3 ($3.7, $11.0) | $11.0 ($7.7, $14.6) | $3.5 ($2.4, $5.0) | $1.1 ($0.3, $2.0) | $0.5 ($0.0, $0.9) | $59.7 ($40.8, $82.4) | $5.9 ($2.2, $10.3) | $20.0 ($13.1, $29.1) | $108.9 ($84.1, $136.0) |
| Vermont | $2.1 ($1.2, $3.0) | $3.3 ($2.3, $4.4) | $1.2 ($0.8, $1.7) | $0.4 ($0.1, $0.7) | $0.2 ($0.0, $0.3) | $15.8 ($10.9, $21.5) | $1.6 ($0.5, $2.7) | $4.5 ($2.9, $6.6) | $29.0 ($22.6, $36.1) |
| Virginia | $33.4 ($20.9, $46.1) | $47.8 ($35.6, $61.2) | $13.7 ($9.6, $19.0) | $4.7 ($1.8, $8.3) | $1.8 ($0.4, $3.3) | $246.7 ($180.6, $325.7) | $19.2 ($8.5, $31.4) | $67.7 ($47.7, $93.8) | $435.0 ($352.7, $527.8) |
| Washington | $22.0 ($12.7, $31.1) | $34.4 ($25.1, $44.8) | $11.6 ($8.0, $16.2) | $3.9 ($1.2, $7.1) | $1.7 ($0.3, $3.1) | $177.0 ($125.9, $237.1) | $17.1 ($7.5, $27.9) | $55.4 ($37.8, $77.6) | $323.0 ($256.8, $393.7) |
| West Virginia | $6.6 ($3.7, $9.3) | $10.1 ($7.2, $13.4) | $3.7 ($2.5, $5.2) | $1.2 ($0.4, $2.2) | $0.5 ($0.0, $1.1) | $47.8 ($33.6, $65.0) | $4.4 ($1.6, $7.5) | $13.0 ($8.6, $18.8) | $87.3 ($68.9, $107.9) |
| Wisconsin | $19.2 ($11.1, $27.2) | $29.5 ($21.4, $38.9) | $10.2 ($7.0, $14.4) | $3.2 ($1.0, $6.0) | $1.5 ($0.1, $2.8) | $145.4 ($102.8, $196.4) | $13.6 ($5.3, $23.2) | $42.3 ($28.4, $60.7) | $265.0 ($210.0, $326.1) |
| Wyoming | $1.8 ($1.0, $2.6) | $2.7 ($1.9, $3.6) | $1.0 ($0.7, $1.4) | $0.3 ($0.1, $0.6) | $0.1 ($0.0, $0.3) | $13.9 ($9.6, $18.9) | $1.3 ($0.5, $2.3) | $4.2 ($2.7, $6.0) | $25.3 ($19.6, $31.4) |
| National1 | $1,165 ($712, $1,626) ($187.2, $2,213) | $1,724 ($1,271, $2,238) ($274.6, $1724.4) | $536 ($371, $745) ($90.4, $1,076.2) | $182 ($64, $335) ($23.1, $423.1) | $76 ($12, $140) ($4.7, $191.3) | $8,721 ($6,300, $11,625) ($172.4, $16,813.4) | $733 ($309, $1,213) ($92.8, $1,595.7) | $2,460 ($1,690, $3,450) ($424.9, $4830.3) | $15,599 ($12,544, $18,992) ($2,684.5, $29,521.5) |
1 All confidence intervals with the exception of the second set in national totals are based on 1000 Monte Carlo simulations holding the global parameter (increased disease cost of malnutrition) constant. This allows states to be compared to each other and to the national total. The second set of confidence intervals for the national totals are based on 1000 Monte Carlo simulations where the global parameter varies according to the distribution outlined in S1 Appendix and are included to describe the sensitivity of the overall results.