Table 4.
Psychological factors in relation to IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 after adjustments
| IL-6 (n = 288 to 329) | Model a | Model b | Model c | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | p | β | p | β | p | |
| Coping (SD 3.4) | −0.37 | <0.001 | −0.35 | <0.001 | −0.29 | 0.003 |
| Self-esteem (SD 4.8) | −0.34 | 0.001 | −0.32 | 0.001 | −0.28 | 0.004 |
| SOC (SD 10.4) | −0.23 | 0.024 | −0.21 | 0.039 | −0.15 | 0.136 |
| Ladder of life (SD 1.7) | −0.50 | <0.001 | −0.49 | <0.001 | −0.38 | <0.001 |
| Hopelessness (SD 2.0) | 0.27 | 0.014 | 0.24 | 0.027 | 0.19 | 0.071 |
| Depression CES-D (SD 7.8) | 0.41 | <0.001 | 0.39 | <0.001 | 0.27 | 0.010 |
| Vital exhaustion (SD 7.6) | 0.39 | <0.001 | 0.36 | 0.001 | 0.26 | 0.017 |
| Log-CRP (n = 703–803) | ||||||
| Coping (SD 3.4) | −0.08 | 0.078 | −0.08 | 0.098 | −0.05 | 0.291 |
| Self-esteem (SD 4.8) | −0.11 | 0.021 | −0.11 | 0.016 | −0.09 | 0.037 |
| SOC (SD 10.4) | −0.09 | 0.047 | −0.10 | 0.043 | −0.06 | 0.194 |
| Ladder of life (SD 1.7) | −0.12 | 0.008 | −0.15 | 0.004 | −0.09 | 0.036 |
| Hopelessness (SD 2.0) | 0.12 | 0.014 | 0.10 | 0.042 | 0.04 | 0.434 |
| Depression CES-D (SD 7.8) | 0.12 | 0.012 | 0.10 | 0.046 | 0.06 | 0.179 |
| Vital exhaustion (SD 7.6) | 0.11 | 0.021 | 0.09 | 0.069 | 0.04 | 0.444 |
| MMP-9 (n = 688–784) | ||||||
| Coping (SD 3.4) | −1.32 | 0.094 | −1.45 | 0.085 | −0.92 | 0.253 |
| Self-esteem (SD 4.8) | −1.74 | 0.030 | −2.05 | 0.016 | −1.67 | 0.040 |
| SOC (SD 10.4) | −2.17 | 0.006 | −2.38 | 0.005 | −1.84 | 0.026 |
| Ladder of life (SD 1.7) | −1.67 | 0.038 | −1.54 | 0.075 | −1.05 | 0.204 |
| Hopelessness (SD 2.0) | 1.02 | 0.195 | 0.94 | 0.280 | 0.18 | 0.833 |
| Depression CES-D (SD 7.8) | 1.84 | 0.022 | 1.91 | 0.026 | 1.10 | 0.185 |
| Vital exhaustion (SD 7.6) | 1.29 | 0.107 | 1.18 | 0.172 | 0.52 | 0.538 |
Βeta coefficient expressed as increase of circulating levels of IL-6 (pg/mL), CRP (mg/L), and MMP-9 (ng/mL) per SD increment. Coefficient for CRP is log-transformed in regression and then back-transformed in table
Model a adjusted for age and sex; model b adjusted for age, sex, and medical conditions (angina pectoris, ACS, stroke, COPD, rheumatic disease, asthma, cancer, fibromyalgia, peptic ulcer, and herniated disks); and model c adjusted for age, sex, and medical conditions (smoking, alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable intakes, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood glucose)