Table 3.
Cost effectiveness and outcomes of four cervical screening strategies in women aged ≥30 years
| Screening strategy | Discounted | ICER | Cervical cancer | Undiscounted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Costa | QALYs | ($/QALY)a | Incidenceb | Mortalityb | Life-years | |
| Base case | ||||||
| Cytology (reflex HPV test for ASC-US) | $1,230 | 22.856 | – | 13.31 | 4.64 | 37.978 |
| HPV with genotyping (reflex cytology [ASC-US]) | $1,367 | 22.874 | $7,667 | 9.47 | 3.33 | 37.984 |
| HPV HR only (with reflex to cytology [ASC-US]) | $1,749 | 22.866 | Dominated | 11.14 | 3.91 | 37.981 |
| Co-testing (with cytology and HPV testing) | $2,014 | 22.868 | Dominated | 10.74 | 3.77 | 37.982 |
| 1-year follow-up scenario | ||||||
| Cytology (reflex HPV test for ASC-US) | $1,230 | 22.856 | – | 13.31 | 4.64 | 37.978 |
| HPV with genotyping (reflex cytology [ASC-US]) | $1,389 | 22.879 | $6,910 | 8.38 | 2.95 | 37.985 |
| HPV HR only (with reflex to cytology [ASC-US]) | $1,789 | 22.879 | Dominated | 8.38 | 2.95 | 37.985 |
| Co-testing (with cytology and HPV testing) | $2,059 | 22.880 | $661,933 | 8.17 | 2.88 | 37.986 |
ASC-US atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, HPV human papillomavirus, HPV HR human papillomavirus, high-risk, ICER incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, QALY quality-adjusted life-year, USD United States dollars
a2013 USD
bAnnual rate per 100,000 women