Table 3.
Predictors of abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with neuropsychiatric syndromes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Groups were compared using Fisher’s exact test; p < 0.05 was considered significant. ACL anticardiolipin antibodies
| Presence of NPSLE syndrome | Normal MRI | Abnormal MRI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seizure disorder | |||
| Yes | 2 | 4 | 0.187 |
| No | 14 | 7 | |
| Aseptic meningitis | |||
| Yes | 0 | 2 | 0.156 |
| No | 16 | 9 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | |||
| Yes | 1 | 2 | 0.548 |
| No | 15 | 9 | |
| Demyelinating syndrome | |||
| Yes | 0 | 1 | 0.4 |
| No | 16 | 10 | |
| Headache | |||
| Yes | 14 | 9 | 1 |
| No | 2 | 2 | |
| Movement disorder | |||
| Yes | 1 | 3 | 0.27 |
| No | 15 | 8 | |
| Transverse myelopathy | |||
| Yes | 0 | 1 | 0.4 |
| No | 16 | 10 | |
| Cognitive disorders | |||
| Acute confusional state | |||
| Yes | 1 | 3 | 0.27 |
| No | 15 | 8 | |
| Cognitive dysfunction | |||
| Yes | 1 | 3 | 0.27 |
| No | 15 | 8 | |
| Psychiatric disorders | |||
| Anxiety disorder | |||
| Yes | 1 | 6 | 0.008 |
| No | 15 | 5 | |
| Mood disorder / depression | |||
| Yes | 9 | 8 | 0.44 |
| No | 7 | 3 | |
| Psychosis | |||
| Yes | 1 | 4 | 0.125 |
| No | 15 | 7 | |
| Autonomic disorder | |||
| Yes | 0 | 1 | 0.4 |
| No | 16 | 10 | |
| Peripheral neuropathy | |||
| Yes | 0 | 1 | 0.4 |
| No | 16 | 10 | |
| Cranial neuropathy | |||
| Yes | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| No | 15 | 11 | |
| Myasthenia-like syndrome | |||
| Yes | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| No | 16 | 10 | |
| Disease duration | |||
| <12 months | 9 | 6 | 1 |
| >12 months | 7 | 5 | |
| Presence of ACL | |||
| Yes | 7 | 3 | 0.44 |
| No | 9 | 8 | |