Table 1.
Pretreatment of premalignant lesion cells with indomethacin skews their induction of spleen cell cytokine production.
| Cytokine (pg/ml) | Media | Media + indo | PM | PM + indo | HNSCC | HNSCC + indo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-2 | 181.5 ± 5.1 | 166.2 ± 4.1 | 258.5 ± 7.8 | 314.2 ± 5.6 | 178.9 ± 6.3 | 165.7 ± 2.8 |
| p = 0.0575 | **p = 0.0012 | p = 0.1069 | ||||
| IFN-γ | 94.8 ± 2.3 | 92.7 ± 1.5 | 483.2 ± 33.9 | 631.4 ± 20.2 | 139.5 ± 11.9 | 106.8 ± 2.9 |
| p = 0.4716 | **p = 0.0095 | *p = 0.0365 | ||||
| TNF-α | 45.5 ± 1.3 | 43.6 ± 1.1 | 495.9 ± 14.7 | 470.9 ± 8.7 | 67.9 ± 4.0 | 60.3 ± 2.7 |
| p = 0.3136 | p = 0.1941 | p = 0.1697 | ||||
| IL-6 | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 245.3 ± 8.9 | 243.8 ± 2.3 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | 3.4 ± 0.4 |
| p = 0.1477 | p = 0.8718 | p = 0.8034 | ||||
| IL-10 | 2.6 ± 1.6 | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 52.0 ± 1.4 | 77.3 ± 1.1 | 6.3 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 1.7 |
| p = 0.3866 | ***p < 0.0001 | p = 0.5423 | ||||
| IL-17A | 11.3 ± 0.7 | 10.8 ± 0.6 | 35.0 ± 0.4 | 17.0 ± 0.2 | 17.3 ± 0.4 | 6.4 ± 1.0 |
| p = 0.6005 | ***p < 0.0001 | ***p < 0.0001 | ||||
Spleen cells from healthy control C57BL/6 mice were cultured for 72 h with media conditioned by premalignant lesion cells or HNSCC cells that were treated with diluent or 6 μg/ml indomethacin. Supernatants were collected for cytokine measurement. Results are from a representative experiment performed in duplicate. Data are presented as picogram per milliliter and represent mean ± SEM. Significant values are indicated as follows: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.0001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test). PM, premalignant; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; indo, indomethacin.