Table 1.
Means (±SD), t-test, effect size and MANOVA results for baseline ddCT values for mRNAs relative to the reference gene, and post-exercise expression fold change values relative to baseline, from patients with CFS (N = 10) and control participants (N = 11).
| Gene receptor | Baseline values | Post-exercise values | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CFS | Controls | p | d | CFS | Controls | p | d | |
| Metabolite-detecting | MANOVA | 0.11 | 0.66 | MANOVA | 0.52 | −0.23 | ||
| ASIC3 | 0.0090 ± 0.0079 | 0.0047 ± 0.0019 | 0.17 | 0.75 | 1.16 ± 0.66 | 1.41 ± 0.8 | 0.42 | −0.34 |
| P2RX4 | 0.1597 ± 0.0614 | 0.1090 ± 0.0385 | 0.03 | 0.99 | 1.07 ± 0.35 | 1.07 ± 0.28 | 0.99 | 0 |
| P2RX5 | 0.2149 ± 0.1559 | 0.195 ± 0.1226 | 0.71 | 0.14 | 1.05 ± 0.36 | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 0.55 | −0.27 |
| P2RX7 | 0.0416 ± 0.0169 | 0.0302 ± 0.0109 | 0.08 | 0.80 | 1.07 ± 0.32 | 1.13 ± 0.28 | 0.64 | −0.20 |
| TRPV1 | 0.0099 ± 0.0054 | 0.007 ± 0.0033 | 0.16 | 0.65 | 1.08 ± 0.34 | 1.25 ± 0.58 | 0.76 | −0.35 |
| Adrenergic | MANOVA | 0.21 | 0.55 | MANOVA | 0.33 | −0.26 | ||
| β-1 | 0.0053 ± 0.0046 | 0.0033 ± 0.0022 | 0.22 | 0.55 | 1.11 ± 0.61 | 1.59 ± 0.99 | 0.31 | −0.58 |
| β-2 | 0.2343 ± 0.1427 | 0.1724 ± 0.0693 | 0.22 | 0.55 | 1.22 ± 0.33 | 1.2 ± 0.23 | 0.86 | 0.07 |
| Immune | MANOVA | 0.56 | 0.53 | MANOVA | 0.18 | 0.07 | ||
| C4a/C4b | 0.0093 ± 0.0057 | 0.0062 ± 0.0025 | 0.23 | 0.70 | 1.14 ± 0.46 | 1.19 ± 0.33 | 0.74 | −0.12 |
| FCN1 | 3.9453 ± 1.1122 | 3.1295 ± 0.6846 | 0.06 | 0.88 | 1.09 ± 0.19 | 0.98 ± 0.22 | 0.26 | 0.54 |
| IFN-γ | 0.0182 ± 0.0199 | 0.0103 ± 0.0066 | 0.51 | 0.53 | 1.02 ± 0.41 | 1.0 ± 0.44 | 0.92 | 0.04 |
| IL-6 | 0.0071 ± 0.009 | 0.0051 ± 0.0037 | 0.61 | 0.29 | 1.21 ± 0.58 | 1.06 ± 0.52 | 0.54 | 0.27 |
| IL-10 | 0.0106 ± 0.0096 | 0.0086 ± 0.0062 | 0.99 | 0.25 | 1.23 ± 0.37 | 0.96 ± 0.55 | 0.21 | 0.58 |
| IL-1β | 0.3893 ± 0.332 | 0.2851 ± 0.2585 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 1.12 ± 0.49 | 1.08 ± 0.5 | 0.81 | 0.08 |
| LTA | 0.0242 ± 0.0243 | 0.0128 ± 0.0073 | 0.28 | 0.64 | 0.88 ± 0.39 | 1.18 ± 0.29 | 0.06 | −0.87 |
| PRF1 | 0.5247 ± 0.298 | 0.3817 ± 0.1923 | 0.22 | 0.57 | 1.08 ± 0.31 | 1.16 ± 0.34 | 0.61 | −0.24 |
| TLR-4 | 0.0237 ± 0.0081 | 0.0195 ± 0.0065 | 0.21 | 0.57 | 1.08 ± 0.33 | 0.98 ± 0.23 | 0.46 | 0.35 |
| Neurotransmission | MANOVA | 0.37 | 0.19 | MANOVA | 0.46 | −0.17 | ||
| COMT | 0.2918 ± 0.1653 | 0.1776 ± 0.107 | 0.04 | 0.82 | 0.87 ± 0.43 | 1.09 ± 0.43 | 0.26 | −0.51 |
| MAOA | 0.0013 ± 0.0017 | 0.0019 ± 0.0016 | 0.11 | −0.36 | 1.07 ± 0.43 | 0.91 ± 0.55 | 0.46 | 0.32 |
| SLC6A4 | 0.005 ± 0.0046 | 0.0045 ± 0.0049 | 0.76 | 0.11 | 0.87 ± 0.53 | 1.03 ± 0.4 | 0.44 | −0.34 |
ASIC3, acid-sensing ion channel; P2RX4, purinergic type 2RX4 receptor; P2RX5, purinergic type 2RX5 receptor; P2RX7, purinergic type 2RX7 receptor; TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1; COMT, catechol-O-methyltransferase; C4a/C4b, Complement C4-a/Complement C4b; FCN1, ficolin-1; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; LTA, lymphotoxin-α (TNF-β superfamily); PRF1, perforin 1; TLR4, toll-like receptor 4; MAOA, monoamine oxidase-A; SLC6A4, serotonin transporter.
Baseline values were the average of the two assessment time-points prior to exercise. Post-exercise analysis includes the mean change in expression, in relation to baseline levels (= 1.00), across all post-exercise assessment time-points.