Table 1.
Results for amplitude and latency of the stimuli (vowels and consonants) applied in the N1m/N1 studies.
| References | Sj | Language | Stimuli | Amplitude | Latency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eulitz et al., 1995 | 11 | German synthetic | [a, i, u, æ, œ] 1 kHz burst | – | – |
| Diesch et al., 1996 | 11 | Synthetic | [a, æ, u, ø, i] 1 kHz sine tone | – | [a], [æ] < [u] |
| Poeppel et al., 1997 | 6 | Synthetic | [a, i, u] 500 Hz pure tone | – | [a] < [i], [u] |
| Mäkelä et al., 2003 | 10 | Finnish semi-synth. | [a, o, u] | – | – |
| Obleser et al., 2003a | 12 | German synthetic | [a, e, i] | [a] < [i, e] | [a] < [i], [e] |
| Eulitz et al., 2004 | 1 | Synthetic | [a, e, i] | – | [a] < [e]—left hemisphere [e] < [i]—right hemisphere |
| Obleser et al., 2004a | 21 | German natural | [ø, o] | [ø] > [o] | [o] > [ø] |
| Obleser et al., 2004b | 20 | German natural | [a, e, i, ø, y, o, u] | – | [o], [u]—the latest peaks [i] > [e] [y]-[ø] > [i]-[e] |
| Scharinger et al., 2011a | 12 | Turkish natural | [i. y, ɛ, ɑ, œ, ɔ ɯ, u] | [u] > [ɑ] [u] > [y] [i] > [ɯ] | [a] < [i] [u] > [ɯ] |
| Scharinger et al., 2012 | 14 | American English natural | [æ. ɛ, i] | [ɛ] (as deviant preceded by the standard [æ] > [ɛ] (as standard) | – |
| Grimaldi et al., in press | 11 | SI natural | [i, ɛ, ɑ, ɔ, u] | [i, u] > [ɑ, ɔ, ɛ] | [ɑ, ɔ, ɛ] > [i, u] |
| Kuriki et al., 1995 | 8 | Synthetic | [na], [ka], [ha], [a] | – | [ka], [ha] < [a] [na]—the longest peak |
| Poeppel et al., 1996 | 6 | Synthetic | [bæ, pæ, dæ, tæ] | – | [bæ, pæ, dæ, tæ] > left hemisphere in the discrimination task |
| Gage et al., 1998 | [b], [p], [d], [t], [g], [k], [f], [r], [m], [r], [s] | ([b], [p], [d], [t], [g], [k]) > ([f], [r], [m], [r], [s]) | ([f], [r], [m], [r], [s]) > right hemisphere | ||
| Gage et al., 2002 | 6 | German | [ba, [da], [ga] | – | [ba] > [da], [ga]—right hemisphere |
| Obleser et al., 2003b | 22 | Natural German | [bø], [dø], [gø] [bo], [do], [go] | – | [go] > than others |
| Obleser et al., 2006 | 19 | Natural German | [d], [t], [g], [k] | ([d], [g]) > ([t], [k]) | ([d], [t]) < ([g], [k]) ([d], [g]) > ([t], [k]) |
| Scharinger et al., 2011b, Experiment 1 | 13 | American English natural | [aja], [awa] | – | [awa] < [aja] (as deviants) |
| Scharinger et al., 2011b, Experiment 2 | 15 | American English natural | [ava] [aʒa] | – | [aʒa] < [ava] |
| Scharinger et al., 2011b, Combined analysis Experiment 1 and 2 | [aja], [awa], [ava], [aʒa] | [awa], [aʒa] > [aja], [ava] | – |
The labeled Sj indicates the number of subjects that were submitted to statistical analysis. The column labeled Language reports the variety of languages and the type of stimuli used in the experimental protocols. The symbol (–) means that the results did not reach a statistically significant level or that they were not reported. All studies listed report results from both hemispheres, unless otherwise noted.