Table 3.
Cox proportional hazards modeling of quartiles of urine biomarkers to predict rapid GFR decline.
| Predictor variables | UCCR (HR [95% CI]) |
P | UANG (HR [95% CI]) |
P | UKIM-1 (HR [95% CI]) |
P | UNGAL (HR [95% CI]) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | ||||||||
| First quartile | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Second quartile | 2.34 (0.56–9.85) | 0.246 | 2.83 (0.73–10.98) | 0.133 | 2.42 (0.51–11.43) | 0.265 | 6.44 (1.43–29.11)∗ | 0.015 |
| Third quartile | 3.95 (1.1–14.2)∗ | 0.035 | 3.18 (0.84–12.01) | 0.088 | 3.68 (0.81–16.78) | 0.092 | 7.15 (1.61–31.7)∗ | 0.010 |
| Fourth quartile | 7.52 (2.23–25.28)∗ | 0.001 | 8.37 (2.49–28.08)∗ | 0.001 | 6.95 (1.61–29.90)∗ | 0.009 | 8.23 (1.87–36.16)∗ | 0.005 |
| Adjusted for model∗ | ||||||||
| First quartile | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Second quartile | 1.99 (0.44–9.15) | 0.385 | 2.41 (0.59–9.80) | 0.218 | 5.36 (0.65–43.97) | 0.118 | 5.36 (1.15–25.03)∗ | 0.033 |
| Third quartile | 3.76 (1.02–13.85)∗ | 0.046 | 2.64 (0.66–10.54) | 0.170 | 8.04 (1.01–25.08)∗ | 0.049 | 4.92 (1.05–23.08)∗ | 0.043 |
| Fourth quartile | 5.69 (1.47–21.97)∗ | 0.012 | 6.85 (1.76–26.67)∗ | 0.006 | 9.61 (1.23–75.06)∗ | 0.031 | 3.85 (1.76–26.67)∗ | 0.037 |
∗Adjusted model with baseline of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, anemia, RAAS blocker, serum creatinine, and urine albumin creatinine ratio.
HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; UANG: urine angiotensinogen creatinine ratio; UCCR: urine cystatin-C creatinine ratio; UKIM-1: Urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 creatinine ratio; UNGAL: Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin creatinine ratio.