Figure 1. Adherence of 3D7-iRBC on the CX3CL1 chemokine.

(A) Static adherence of 3D7-iRBC at early stages (12% parasitaemia, 10% ring) or at late stages (7% parasitaemia, 1% ring, 6% mature stages) in 96-well plates coated with 25 pmoles of CX3CL1 (grey bars) or not (control, empty bars). The number of adherent cells per mm² was expressed as mean values and standard deviations from duplicate wells. ***p ≤ 0.0005. Data are representative of three independent experiments. (B) Flow adherence of enriched 3D7-iRBC, on parental L929 cells or on CX3CL1 positive-L929 cells after pretreatment or not with 500 nM of CX3CL1 or 500 nM of CCL2. The number of adherent cells was expressed as percent of the control, as mean values and standard deviations from three independent experiments. ANOVA followed by post hoc analysis with Tukey test was performed to establish the levels of significance: ***p ≤ 0.0005. (C) Static adherence of normal RBC (black bars) and enriched 3D7-iRBC (grey bars) in 96-well plates coated with 25 pmoles of CX3CL1 or CCL2 per well or not (buffer) as indicated. The number of adherent RBC per mm² was expressed as in A from three independent experiments. ***p ≤ 0.0005. (D) Static adherence of enriched 3D7-iRBC in 96-well plates coated with various concentration of CX3CL1. The number of adherent cells per mm² was expressed as in (A). The use of enriched iRBC in panels 1C and 1D explains the difference in iRBC adherent number as compared to panel A panel.