Table 1.

Overview of the reported occupations associated with RA and also associated with increased cadmium exposure

Occupations associated with seropositive RA	Gender	Odds ratio (OR)/relative risk (RR) 95% confidence interval (CI)
Rubber and plastic workers	Female	OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.1–7.418
Smelters and metal foundry workers	Male	OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.0–7.418
Bricklayers and concrete workers	Male	OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3–4.918
Electrical and electronics workers	Male	OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0–3.118
Work exposure to mineral oil	Male	RR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0–2.0219
Work exposure to hydraulic oil	Male	RR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.619
Asphalters	Male	OR: 14.0, 95% CI 1.2–799.020
Printmakers and process engravers	Female	OR: 5.5, 95% CI 0.9–32.621
Conductors, freight and transport workers	Male	OR: 4.7, 95% CI 1.4–16.321