Table 3.

Changes in back and leg pain intensity, and function, somatic and type of medications used from presurgery to postsurgery

	Presurgery mean (SEM) or proportion%	Postsurgery mean (SEM) or proportion%	Mean difference (95% CI)	p
Back pain	6.26 (.42)	2.74 (.32)	3.52 (2.69 to 4.35)	<.001*
Leg pain	6.02 (.37)	2.15 (.36)	3.87 (2.89 to 4.85)	<.001*
Ronald Morris	14.68 (.81)	11.98 (.98)	2.71 (1.09 to 4.33)	.002*
Opioid use	No 47.8%	No 43.5%		.774†
	Yes 52.2%	Yes 56.5%
Opioid Dose	1.40 (2.05)	2.28 (2.84)	.87 (−.11 to 1.85)	.08*

SEM: Standard Error of Mean,

^*Paired-t-test,

^†McNemar test, p<0