Fig 9. Shear stress (τ) on the cell surface due to imposed flow for distinct configurations (A, F, T and B) of cells on scaffold struts.

Left: color maps showing local shear stress. The arrows indicate the direction of the flow; scale bar 10 μm. Top right: distribution of shear stress for A, F, T, B. Bottom right: mean shear stress (dark color) and maximal shear stress (light color) for cases A, F, T and B. The empty bars indicate the shear stress on the empty scaffold strut at the cell’s location (computed at the macro-scale).