Pathology of ARE-Del heterozygotes vs homozygotes. 4A. Statistical analysis of female ARE-Del−/− (n=9 from two independent experiments) vs ARE-Del+/− mice (n=23 from two independent experiments) in portal inflammation, lobular inflammation, biliary damage and granuloma formation at age 20 wks (mean ± SEM), performed by nonparametric Mann Whitney test with the two-tailed p-value. 4B. Representative H&E staining of male and female ARE-Del+/− mice at age 20 wks. Arrow bars point to the inflammatory foci region. 4C. Statistical analysis of liver histology of male and female ARE-Del+/− mice (n=20 ± 2 from two independent experiments) was performed by Mann Whitney test with the two-tailed p-value. 4D–E. IgG and IgM anti-PDC-E2 in male and female ARE-Del+/− mice at age 20 wks (mean ± SD, n=20 ± 2). 4F. Serum TBA in male and female ARE-Del+/− mice at age 20 wks (mean ± SD, n=20 ± 2). 4D–F. Statistical analysis was performed by the unpaired Student’s t-test.* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, n.s., not significant.