Table 4. Change in PAI-1, VEGF, and PEDF by percent weight-loss in intervention groups compared with controls.
| Analyte and Weight change categoriesb |
Diet | Exercise | Diet+Exercise | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Baseline | 12 Month | Abs. Chang e (%) |
Pc | N | Baseline | 12 Month | Abs. Chang e (%) |
Pc | N | Baseline | 12 Month | Abs. Chang e (%) |
Pc | |
| GMa (95% CI) |
GMa (95% CI) |
GMa (95% CI) |
GMa (95% CI) |
GMa (95% CI) |
GMa (95% CI) |
||||||||||
| PAI-1 | |||||||||||||||
| Control | 87 | 7.88 (7.09-8.76) | 8.15 (7.29---9.11) | 0.27 (3.5) | 87 | 7.88 (7.09-8.76) | 8.15 (7.29-9.11) | 0.27 (3.5) | 87 | 7.88 (7.09-8.76) | 8.15 (7.29-9.11) | 0.27 (3.5) | |||
| No Change/Gained Weight | 22 | 7.05 (5.61---8.87) | 8.29 (6.75---10.18) | 1.24 (17.6) | 0.15 | 41 | 5.87 (4.88-7.05) | 6.67 (5.69-7.82) | 0.81 (13.7) | 0.20 | 12 | 6.39 (5.22-7.84) | 6.87 (5.43-8.69) | 0.48 (7.4) | 0.68 |
| Lost ≥5% | 18 | 7.72 (5.58---10.69) | 8.56 (6.78---10.80) | 0.84 (10.8) | 0.56 | 44 | 6.66 (5.65-7.85) | 7.46 (6.38-8.72) | 0.80 (12.0) | 0.38 | 14 | 8.12 (6.20-10.63) | 7.55 (5.72-9.96) | -0.57 (-7.0) | 0.28 |
| Lost >5% | 74 | 6.78 (6.00---7.66) | 5.42 (4.80---6.12) | -1.36 (-20.0) | 0.0002 | 29 | 7.22 (5.73-9.09) | 6.91 (5.61-8.53) | -0.30 (-4.2) | 0.32 | 88 | 6.59 (5.83-7.45) | 5.00 4.40-5.68 | -1.59 (-24.2) | <0.0001 |
| dPtrend | 0.0003 | 0.79 | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| PEDF | |||||||||||||||
| Control | 87 | 10.75 (10.35---11.17) | 10.77 (10.37---11.20) | 19.63 (0.2) | 87 | 10.75 (10.35-11.17) | 10.77 (10.37-11.20) | 0.02 (0.2) | 87 | 10.75 (10.35-11.17) | 10.77 (10.37-11.20) | 0.02 (0.2) | |||
| No Change/Gained Weight | 23 | 11.84 (11.12---12.60) | 12.21 (11.47---13.00) | 373.6 (3.2) | 0.33 | 41 | 10.46 (9.97-10.97) | 10.58 (10.09-11.05) | 0.09 (0.9) | 0.88 | 12 | 9.36 (7.88-11.11) | 9.48 (8.06-11.16 | 0.13 (1.3) | 0.87 |
| Lost <5% | 19 | 11.22 (10.25---12.29) | 10.72 (9.83---11.70 | -0.50 (-4.5) | 0.16 | 46 | 10.44 (9.95-10.96) | 10.28 (9.82-10.76) | -0.164 (-1.6) | 0.27 | 14 | 11.08 (10.03-12.23) | 10.61 (9.84-11.45 | -0.47 (-4.2) | 0.18 |
| Lost ≥5% | 76 | 10.23 (9.79---10.68) | 8.82 (8.49, 9.16) | -1.40 (-13.7) | <0.0001 | 30 | 10.51 (9.84-11.23) | 9.60 (8.92-10.33) | -0.91 (-8.7) | 0.001 | 90 | 10.50 (10.03-10.99) | 9.23 (8.82-9.64) | -1.27 (-12.1) | <0.0001 |
| dPtrend | <0.0001 | 0.002 | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| VEGF | |||||||||||||||
| Control | 87 | 325.0 (284.6---371.1) | 321.0 (279.3---369.0) | -3.92 (-1.2) | 87 | 325.0 (284.6-371.1) | 321.0 (279.3-369.0) | -3.92 (-1.2) | 87 | 325.0 (284.6-371.1) | 321.0 (279.3-369.0) | -3.92 (-1.2) | |||
| No Change/Gained Weight | 23 | 288.9 (220.7---378.0) | 292.8 (222.9---384.6) | 3.97 (1.4) | 0.13 | 41 | 265.9 (212.9-332.2 | 262.2 (211.0-325.9) | -3.69 (-1.4) | 0.89 | 12 | 381.8 (282.6-515.8) | 377.6 (269.0-530.0) | -4.21 (-1.1) | 0.86 |
| Lost <5% | 19 | 296.4 (227.4---386.3) | 284.2 (219.3---368.3) | -12.2 (-4.1) | 0.36 | 46 | 302.6 (253.4-361.4 | 292.0 (243.8-349.6) | -10.7 (-3.5) | 0.39 | 14 | 369.4 (257.6-529.7) | 337.4 (229.0 497.0) | -32.0 (-8.7) | 0.07 |
| Lost ≥5% | 76 | 295.6 (250.5,348.7) | 260.2 (221.1---306.2) | -35.3 (-12.0) | <0.0001 | 30 | 384.3 (304.2-485.6 | 365.5 (287.7-464.4) | -18.8 (-4.9) | 0.25 | 90 | 294.5 (251.9-344.2) | 261.2 (223.8 (304.9) | -33.3 (-11.3) | <0.0001 |
| dPtrend | <0.0001 | 0.20 | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
a
GM: geometric mean
b
Analyses stratified by weight-loss percentage and using all available data. All models adjusted for age, baseline BMI (<30kg/m2, >30kg/m2), race/ethnicity
Pc: p-value obtained from GEE model comparing the difference in change of the biomarkers from baseline to 12-month in intervention group vs control within strata of percent weight-loss.
dPtrend: p-value obtained from GEE model testing the linear trend in the change of the biomarkers from baseline to 12-month from Control through all levels of percent weight-loss.