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. 2016 Jul 7;1(10):e87882. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.87882

Figure 2. Biofilm-positive patient biopsies have higher bacterial load and inflammatory responses.

Figure 2

Identification of bacteria in patient biopsies visualized by immunohistochemistry (A) and Gram-staining (B); original magnifications, ×40, and inset figure in B, ×63. (C) Analysis of bacterial load by Gram-scoring. Semiquantitative acquired computerized image analyses (ACIA) of immunohistochemical stainings of group A streptocci (GAS) (D), IL-8 (E), infiltrating neutrophils (F), resistin (G), and HMGB1 (H) in patient biopsies divided based on presence of biofilm or nonbiofilm. Each symbol represents the mean value of the ACIA value in one patient biopsy. The horizontal lines denote the median. The level of significance was determined using 2-tailed Mann-Whitney U test.