Fig. 1.

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is upregulated in activated primary microglia. Evaluation of DHODH-mRNA expression by RT-PCR in primary rodent microglia (a) with teriflunomide pre-treatment for 12 h following 12 h stimulation with 100 ng/ml LPS/50 ng/ml IFN-γ (black column) or medium (white column) and (b) teriflunomide co-treatment for 12 h with 5 ng/ml GM-CSF (dotted column) or medium (white column). Data represent four biological replicates as mean ± SD. Results are presented as the fold-change normalized to the expression of the reference gene Hprt1 and were calculated relative to unstimulated, untreated cells. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc tests. P values <0.05 were considered significant. Asterisks denote a significant difference versus the indicated control (*p < 0.05)