Table 1.

Manually coded study variables from extracted ClinicalTrials.gov registry data.

Variable	Coded values
Study purpose	efficacy, safety/efficacy, observational
Trial sponsor	academic, industry, collaboration
Targeted condition	mental health, cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer, asthma, obesity, other
Data collection points	1-3, 4+, continuous
Sample size	0-49, 50-99, 100-499, 500+
Study type	interventional, observational
Control	standard care, active, waitlist
Masking	open, single-blind, double-blind
Group assignment	single, parallel, three groups
Study site	onsite, online
Study design	1 group pretest-posttest, 1 group posttest, 1-3 group posttest control, 2-3 group pretest-posttest control, 2-3 group posttest non-randomized control, observational