Fig. 4.

Phosphorylated p38 MAPK in cerebrocortical cell cultures localizes to neurons with and without CXCL12 exposure. Cerebrocortical cell cultures from rats were incubated with CXCL12 (20 nM). After 12 h of treatment, cells were fixed, permeabilized, and stained for MAP-2 (red), as a neuronal marker, activated-phospho p38 MAPK (green), and nuclear DNA (DRAQ5; shown in blue pseudocolor for better visualization). Samples were analyzed using immunofluorescence microscopy as described in the “Methods” section. The overlap of red and green signals appears yellow in the merged images. Scale bars, 20 μm