Table 1.
Descriptive Analysis of the Cohort of 7,725 Youth Diagnosed With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
| Indicator | Cohort |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 5,290 (68.5) |
| Race, black, n (%) | 3,905 (50.6) |
| Age at first ADHD diagnosis, mean (SD), y | 7.7 (2.71) |
| Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, n (%) | |
| Conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder | 2,661 (34.5) |
| Anxiety | 862 (11.2) |
| Substance use disorder | 343 (4.4) |
| Comorbid medical conditions, n (%) | |
| Obesity | 615 (8.0) |
| Diabetes | 172 (2.2) |
| Thyroid disorder | 174 (2.3) |
| Dyslipidemia | 148 (1.9) |
| Hypertension | 214 (2.8) |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 75 (1.0) |
| Musculoskeletal injuries, n (%) | |
| Fracture | 1,640 (21.2) |
| Sprain | 2,099 (27.2) |
| Concussion | 346 (4.5) |
| Dislocation | 214 (2.8) |
| Thoracic/pelvis injury | 48 (0.6) |
| Arthropathies and connective tissue disorders | 2,250 (29.1) |
| Dorso/spinal disorders | 1,330 (17.2) |
| Muscle and joint disorders | 2,277 (29.5) |
| Bone and cartilage disorders | 940 (12.2) |
| ADHD medication exposure | |
| Methylphenidate, n (%) | 4,707 (61.1) |
| No. of months exposed to methylphenidate, mean (SD) | 15.5 (16.3) |
| Mixed amphetamine salts/dextroamphetamine, mean (SD) | 4,272 (55.5) |
| No. of months exposed to amphetamines, mean (SD) | 14.6 (15.7) |
| Atomoxetine, n (%) | 1,738 (22.6) |
| No. of months exposed to atomoxetine, mean (SD) | 7.0 (8.1) |