FIG. 2.

Computer-aided design drawings of the bioreactor. (A) A 3D section of the synthetic vocal fold replica at the center and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The replica has a layered structure. The innermost layer consists of the CSM, which was injected inside a cylindrical inner cavity. The main layer was fabricated by using Ecoflex^® 0010. An ∼100-μm-thick layer of Dragon Skin^®, shown in blue, was added to the vibrating portion of the replica to decrease tackiness, increase model durability, and improve phonatory characteristics. The flow of CCM through the CSM is shown by using the green dashed arrow. (B) A 3D section of the bioreactor body. The lateral position of the two vocal fold replicas is shown in the section view. The direction of airflow during phonation is shown by using the purple arrows. (C) The bioreactor body is installed on a Plexiglas base before the CSM injection. 3D, three-dimensional; CCM, cell culture medium; CSM, cell-scaffold mixture. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tec