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. 2016 Sep 22;7:12860. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12860

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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Marine vibrios diversified into different populations characterized by their ability to consume insoluble alginate polysaccharide and soluble alginate oligosaccharides of different chain lengths. Pioneers are specialized in consumption of native, insoluble alginate due to their endowment with broadcast alginate lyases. These enzymes can diffuse freely into the alginate gel and depolymerize the alginate into soluble oligosaccharides. Harvester populations with secreted but tethered alginate lyases can exploit the range of soluble alginate substrates including medium and small oligosaccharides liberated by pioneers. Scavenger populations devoid of any alginate lyases can only use the smallest alginate oligosaccharides.