Table 4.

Select Primary Health Care Organization (PCHO) Criteria against Reported Level of Activity

Select medical home activities	Australia Medicare Locals1,2	Colorado Regional Care Collaborative Organizations3	North Carolina Networks4–7	Oregon Coordinated Care Organizations8–9
Primary Care provider engagement
Involvement in governance/decision making processes	All	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Use of contracts to engage all primary care providers	Limited	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Provide education and training	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Comprehensive care
Coordinate access to mental health services	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Integrate mental health providers in primary care practices	Most	Most	Limited	All (Core requirement)
Provide resources for team-based care	All	All	All	All
Patient/family role	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Coordinated care
Establish partnerships across care spectrum	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Work with hospital and specialty services	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Use of care coordinators	Most	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Accessible services
Work with practices to improve scheduling	Most	All	All	All
After-hours face-to-face urgent care	All (Core requirement)	Most (Core requirement)	Limited	Most (Core requirement)
Quality and Safety
Clinical data feedback to practices to support evidence-based medicine	Most (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Quality improvement teams to work with practices	All	All	All	All
Cost-efficient care
Financial incentives for practices to focus on utilization	Limited	All	None	All
Cost data to practices	Limited	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)	All (Core requirement)
Targeted case management for high-cost patients	Limited	All	All	All

¹Department for Health and Ageing. Guidelines for the establishment and initial operation of Medicare Locals & Information for applicants wishing to apply for funding to establish a Medicare Local. Canberra, Australia: Department for Health and Ageing; 2011.

²Department for Health and Ageing. Medicare Locals Operational Guidelines. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government; April 2013.

³Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and Financing. Request for Proposals RFP # HCPFKQ1102RCCO Regional Care Collaborative Organizations for the Accountable Care Collaborative Program. Denver, CO: State of Colorado; 2010 August.

⁴North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Division of Medical Assistance. Amendment to the North Carolina's waiver under Section 1915 (b)(1) of the Social Security Act to include Community Care Plan Access II. Raleigh, NC: State of North Carolina; January 28, 1998.

⁵North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. Access II and III Community Care Plans: Business Plan. Raleigh, NC: State of North Carolina; 2000 January.

⁶Community Care of North Carolina. Community Care of North Carolina (CCNC) Program Start-Up / Expansion Notebook. Raleigh, NC: CCNC;2005.

⁷Community Care of North Carolina. A history of CCNC. https://http://www.communitycarenc.org/about-us/history-ccnc-rev/. Accessed June 4, 2015.

⁸Oregon Health Policy Board. Coordinated Care Organizations Implementation Proposal. January 2012. https://cco.health.oregon.gov/Documents/cco-implementation-proposal.pdf. Accessed June 4, 2015.

⁹Oregon Health Authority. Request for Applications for Coordinated Care Organizations (CCOs) RFA 3402. May 2012. https://cco.health.oregon.gov/RFA/Documents/CCO_RFA_without_separate_documents_Final_3-18-12.pdf. Accessed June 4, 2015.

Source/Notes: Author's analysis of data from interview notes and from government documents listed above. NOTE: Core requirement means expectation of PHCOs as stated in government documents for prospective PHCOs. Most means ≥50% (limited means <50%) determined from number of PHCO interviewees from each study site who reported some level of activity in this domain; this could range from activity with a few practices to activity with many practices.