Table 3.

Major outcomes of vaccinia virus-based clinical trials

Vaccinia strain	Clinical trial phase	Major outcomes	Status	References
JX-594, Wyeth	Phase I	Systemic dissemination and tolerance in primary or metastatic liver tumors	Completed	Park et al76
JX-594, Wyeth	Phase I	Intravenous infusion led to selective replication in metastatic solid tumors, but not in normal cells	Completed	Breitbach et al60
JX-594, Wyeth	Phase II	Dose effect on overall survival duration in patients with liver cancer	Completed	Heo et al79
JX-594, Wyeth	Phase Ib	Safety profile of multiple intravenous Pexa-Vec infusions in patients with treatment-refractory colorectal cancer	Completed	Park et al85
vvDD, Western Reserve	Phase I	Safety, systemic spread, and antitumor activity in various tumors	Completed	Zeh et al80