Table 3.
Time-course of acid-base status, lactate levels, and hematocrit resuscitated with and without the addition of NAC
| T0 (baseline) | T1 (shock) | T2 (30 min) | T3 (120 min) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | ||||
| Time control | 7.37 ± 0.03 | 7.39 ± 0.06 | 7.42 ± 0.03 | 7.42 ± 0.04 |
| Control + NAC | 7.48 ± 0.12 | 7.42 ± 0.03 | 7.38 ± 0.02 | 7.32 ± 0.05* |
| LPS | 7.36 ± 0.03 | 7.27 ± 0.06** | 7.26 ± 0.07*** | 7.2 ± 0.07*** |
| LPS + HES-RA | 7.36 ± 0.03 | 7.26 ± 0.07*** | 7.31 ± 0.07* | 7.27 ± 0.05*** |
| LPS + HES-RA + NAC | 7.37 ± 0.04 | 7.26 ± 0.09*** | 7.27 ± 0.08*** | 7.20 ± 0.03*** |
| HCO3 − (mmol/L) | ||||
| Time control | 20.6 ± 0.9 | 21 ± 0.6 | 21.2 ± 1.3 | 21.6 ± 1.3 |
| Control + NAC | 18.8 ± 0.6 | 18.4 ± 1.5* | 19.3 ± 1.2 | 14.2 ± 3.8*** |
| LPS | 20.2 ± 0.7 | 15 ± 0.9*** | 15.3 ± 1.2*** | 12.8 ± 0.5*** |
| LPS + HES-RA | 21.6 ± 0.7 | 14.8 ± 1.5*** | 18.1 ± 0.9***, ++ | 16.7 ± 1.6***, +++ |
| LPS + HES-RA + NAC | 20.7 ± 0.8 | 14.7 ± 2.5*** | 16.6 ± 1.6*** | 14 ± 1.7***, ## |
| Base excess (mmol/L) | ||||
| Time control | −3.5 ± 1.2 | −2.7 ± 1.6 | −1.7 ± 1.3 | −1.8 ± 1.5 |
| Control + NAC | −3.5 ± 0.5 | −4.4 ± 1.7 | −4.5 ± 1.3 | −8.9 ± 2.4*** |
| LPS | −4 ± 1.3 | −10.8 ± 1.9*** | −10.5 ± 1.7*** | −14.1 ± 1.3*** |
| LPS + HES-RA | −2.9 ± 1.1 | −11.3 ± 2.7*** | −7 ± 2***, ++ | −8.9 ± 1.9***, +++ |
| LPS + HES-RA + NAC | −3.4 ± 1.5 | −11.2 ± 4.1*** | −9.1 ± 2.8*** | −12.5 ± 1.7***, ## |
| Anion gap K+ (mmol/L) | ||||
| Time control | 17.7 ± 0.8 | 18.0 ± 0.7 | 16.4 ± 0.5 | 16.8 ± 1.3 |
| Control + NAC | 18.9 ± 2.0 | 18.5 ± 2.0 | 17.0 ± 1.2 | 18.9 ± 4.8 |
| LPS | 18.9 ± 2.3 | 21.8 ± 1.1 | 21.6 ± 1.8 | 23.2 ± 1.6*** |
| LPS + HES-RA | 17.5 ± 1.3 | 22.7 ± 1.3 | 19.2 ± 1.0 | 20.9 ± 2.5*** |
| LPS + HES-RA + NAC | 18.4 ± 1.0 | 22.5 ± 2.5** | 20.6 ± 2.3* | 23.1 ± 1.9*** |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | ||||
| Time control | 2.32 ± 0.52 | 2.22 ± 0.34 | 2.08 ± 0.31 | 1.73 ± 0.27 |
| Control + NAC | 3.10 ± 0.64 | 2.92 ± 0.76 | 2.17 ± 0.36 | 2.10 ± 0.33 |
| LPS | 2.42 ± 0.32 | 3.08 ± 0.28 | 3.08 ± 0.5 | 4.32 ± 0.6*** |
| LPS + HES-RA | 1.92 ± 0.2 | 3.32 ± 0.55 | 2.75 ± 0.48 | 5.08 ± 1.83*** |
| LPS + HES-RA + NAC | 2.70 ± 0.21 | 3.83 ± 1.36** | 3.30 ± 1.17 * | 4.98 ± 1.21*** |
| Hct (%) | ||||
| Time control | 49.6 ± 1.3 | 41.6 ± 1.9 | 39 ± 2.9 | 33.3 ± 3 |
| Control + NAC | 48.8 ± 2.6 | 42.8 ± 4.4 | 41.1 ± 4.2 | 33.8 ± 2.6 |
| LPS | 49.3 ± 4.0 | 39.6 ± 3.0 | 35.1 ± 2.9 | 34.0 ± 3.5 |
| LPS + HES-RA | 49.3 ± 1.7 | 43.3 ± 2.5 | 30.1 ± 4.5***, + | 17.5 ± 3***, +++ |
| LPS + HES-RA + NAC | 48.6 ± 0.8 | 44.1 ± 3.2 + | 33.0 ± 2.6** | 18.0 ± 2.0***, +++ |
LPS lipopolysaccharide, HES-RA hydroxyethyl starch-ringer acetate, NAC N-acetylcysteine
Values are presented as mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus control; ++ p < 0.05, +++ p < 0.001 versus LPS; ## p < 0.01 versus LPS + HES-RA