Table 1.
Characteristics and anthropometric and clinical variables of participants.
| Characteristics | Control (n = 17) | NAFLD (n = 19) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 48.76 ± 12.15 | 43.53 ± 10.94 | 0.18 |
| Menopause (%) | 35.29 | 26.32 | 0.82 |
| Physical activity at leisure time (%) | 0.24 | ||
| 0–30 min/week | 11.76 | 15.79 | |
| 31–60 min/week | 11.76 | 36.84 | |
| 61–120 min/week | 52.94 | 26.32 | |
| Above 120 min/week | 23.53 | 21.05 | |
| Physical activity at work (%) | 0.55 | ||
| Sedentary | 76.47 | 89.47 | |
| Moderate | 23.53 | 10.53 | |
| Heavy | 0 | 0 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.84 ± 4.30 | 35.76 ± 4.53 | <0.001 |
| BFR (%) | 35.63 ± 5.23 | 42.06 ± 3.55 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 95.90 ± 2.14 | 103.36 ± 7.86 | 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 102.50 ± 15.19 | 120.63 ± 16.73 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 84.07 ± 15.78 | 92.89 ± 8.21 | 0.06 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.17 ± 0.81 | 5.58 ± 1.13 | 0.22 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 6.48 ± 0.69 | 18.23 ± 7.15 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.49 ± 0.30 | 4.65 ± 2.38 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.20 ± 0.39 | 5.15 ± 0.61 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.67 ± 0.20 | 1.69 ± 1.14 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.64 ± 0.32 | 1.36 ± 0.16 | 0.002 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.98 ± 0.34 | 3.03 ± 0.68 | <0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 15.71 ± 2.42 | 23.35 ± 11.94 | 0.02 |
| AST (U/L) | 18.06 ± 1.98 | 21.33 ± 6.95 | 0.07 |
| ALP (U/L) | 43.00 ± 13.22 | 46.05 ± 9.99 | 0.44 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 4.79 ± 1.28 | 5.22 ± 1.56 | 0.39 |
| CRE (µmol/L) | 49.88 ± 8.13 | 55.89 ± 11.78 | 0.09 |
| UA (µmol/L) | 239.24 ± 20.37 | 339.91 ± 75.13 | <0.001 |
| HFF (%) | 5.22 ± 1.27 | 20.13 ± 1.12 | <0.001 |
| IHL (%) | 3.54 ± 1.81 | 23.42 ± 4.78 | <0.001 |
All values are shown as means ± SD for continuous variable and categorical variables are the percentage of participants. Independent t tests and chi-square tests were separately used to compare differences in continuous variables and categorical variables. If not normally distributed after transformation, a Mann-Whitney U test was conducted. BMI, body mass index; BFR, body fat ratio; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CRE, creatinine; UA, uric acid; HFF, hepatic fat fraction; IHL, intrahepatic lipid.