Table 4.
Interactions between dietary patterns and ADRβ genotypes in relation to serum triglyceride (n = 1720).
| ADRβ2 Gln27Glu | p for Interaction c | ||||||||||
| Gln/Gln (n = 1525, 88.7%) | Glu Allele Carriers (n = 195, 11.3%) | ||||||||||
| Q1 (Lowest) | Q2 | Q3 (Highest) | p for Trend a | β b | Q1 (Lowest) | Q2 | Q3 (Highest) | p for Trend | β | ||
| Healthy | 506 d | 512 | 507 | 66 | 61 | 68 | |||||
| Model 1 e | 97.4 (92.9–102.1) f | 94.8 (90.8–99.0) | 91.1 (86.9–95.3) | 0.06 | −0.039 (−0.078–0.001) | 88.2 (77.9–99.8) | 87.9 (78.4–98.6) | 84.2 (75.1–94.4) | 0.58 | −0.029 (−0.131–0.073) | 0.42 |
| Model 2 g | 96.8 (92.5–101.2) | 95.1 (91.2–99.1) | 91.4 (87.4–95.5) | 0.09 | −0.034 (−0.072–0.005) | 87.5 (77.5–98.7) | 88.1 (78.7–98.6) | 84.7 (75.7–94.8) | 0.67 | −0.220 (−0.122–0.079) | 0.37 |
| Western | 509 | 503 | 513 | 64 | 69 | 62 | |||||
| Model 1 | 96.6 (92.4–101.1) | 94.5 (90.4–98.7) | 92.1 (88.1–96.4) | 0.17 | −0.027 (−0.065–0.011) | 86.9 (77.5–97.4) | 87.4 (78.5–97.2) | 85.8 (76.4–96.3) | 0.86 | −0.008 (−0.105–0.088) | 0.78 |
| Model 2 | 96.7 (92.6–100.9) | 94.7 (90.9–98.8) | 91.8 (87.9–95.9) | 0.12 | −0.029 (−0.066–0.007) | 85.6 (76.4–95.8) | 88.0 (79.3–97.8) | 86.4 (77.1–96.7) | 0.95 | 0.003 (−0.093–0.098) | 0.38 |
| Seafood | 510 | 515 | 500 | 63 | 57 | 75 | |||||
| Model 1 | 89.4 (85.5–93.4) | 97.1 (93.1–101.4) | 96.9 (92.7–101.2) | 0.02 | 0.053 (0.009–0.097) | 87.4 (78.0–97.9) | 89.7 (79.7–101.0) | 83.9 (75.9–92.8) | 0.57 | −0.032 (−0.143–0.079) | 0.69 |
| Model 2 | 90.0 (86.3–93.8) | 96.8 (92.9–100.9) | 96.5 (92.5–100.7) | 0.03 | 0.046 (0.003–0.089) | 87.6 (78.3–97.8) | 90.5 (80.5–101.6) | 83.3 (75.2–92.2) | 0.47 | −0.040 (−0.149–0.069) | 0.52 |
| Bread | 512 | 514 | 490 | 52 | 59 | 84 | |||||
| Model 1 | 95.3 (91.2–99.7) | 97.4 (93.3–101.7) | 90.4 (86.3–94.6) | 0.11 | −0.028 (−0.062–0.006) | 80.9 (71.0–92.1) | 89.0 (79.5–99.7) | 88.8 (80.5–98.0) | 0.35 | 0.041 (−0.044–0.127) | 0.58 |
| Model 2 | 94.7 (90.8–98.9) | 97.4 (93.4–101.5) | 91.0 (87.1–95.1) | 0.19 | −0.022 (−0.055–0.011) | 80.9 (71.2–91.9) | 89.4 (80.0–99.9) | 88.5 (80.4–97.5) | 0.37 | 0.038 (−0.046–0.122) | 0.81 |
| ADRβ3 Trp64Arg | p for Interaction | ||||||||||
| Trp/Trp (n = 1129, 65.6%) | Arg Allele Carriers (n = 591, 34.4%) | ||||||||||
| Q1 (Lowest) | Q2 | Q3 (Highest) | p for Trend | β | Q1 (Lowest) | Q2 | Q3 (Highest) | p for Trend | β | ||
| Healthy | 374 | 384 | 371 | 198 | 189 | 204 | |||||
| Model 1 | 97.5 (92.4–102.9) | 93.6 (89.1–98.2) | 88.8 (84.3–93.6) | 0.02 | −0.053 (−0.099–0.007) | 95.1 (88.1–102.6) | 94.5 (87.7–101.7) | 92.2 (85.6–99.3) | 0.57 | −0.018 (−0.083–0.046) | 0.51 |
| Model 2 | 96.2 (91.3–101.3) | 94.0 (89.7–98.6) | 89.6 (85.1–94.2) | 0.06 | −0.042 (−0.086–0.002) | 95.7 (88.9–102.9) | 94.0 (87.6–101.0) | 92.0 (85.7–98.9) | 0.49 | −0.022 (−0.084–0.040) | 0.69 |
| Western | 387 | 373 | 369 | 186 | 199 | 206 | |||||
| Model 1 | 96.4 (91.7–101.3) | 93.3 (88.9–98.0) | 90.0 (85.5–94.8) | 0.07 | −0.039 (−0.082–0.004) | 93.6 (86.7–101.1) | 94.5 (88.0–101.4) | 93.5 (86.8–100.7) | 0.96 | −0.002 (−0.065–0.062) | 0.19 |
| Model 2 | 96.4 (91.9–101.2) | 93.1 (88.8–97.6) | 90.2 (85.8–94.8) | 0.07 | −0.038 (−0.079–0.003) | 92.9 (86.3–100.0) | 95.8 (89.5–102.5) | 92.9 (86.5–99.8) | 0.93 | −0.003 (−0.064–0.059) | 0.21 |
| Seafood | 353 | 384 | 392 | 220 | 188 | 183 | |||||
| Model 1 | 88.6 (84.2–93.2) | 97.4 (92.9–102.2) | 93.6 (89.2–98.2) | 0.23 | 0.030 (−0.019–0.080) | 89.4 (83.5–95.8) | 94.5 (87.9–101.7) | 98.7 (91.6–106.4) | 0.06 | 0.070 (−0.004–0.142) | 0.52 |
| Model 2 | 88.9 (84.6–93.4) | 97.1 (92.7–101.8) | 93.5 (89.2–97.9) | 0.26 | 0.027 (−0.020–0.075) | 90.6 (84.8–96.8) | 94.2 (87.8–101.0) | 97.6 (90.8–104.9) | 0.15 | 0.052 (−0.018–0.122) | 0.59 |
| Bread | 372 | 375 | 382 | 201 | 198 | 192 | |||||
| Model 1 | 91.8 (87.2–96.7) | 94.5 (89.9–99.2) | 93.5 (88.9–98.3) | 0.67 | 0.008 (−0.030–0.047) | 97.7 (90.9–105.1) | 99.6 (92.8–107.0) | 84.5 (78.4–91.1) | 0.01 | −0.076 (−0.133–−0.020) | 0.01 |
| Model 2 | 91.5 (87.0–96.2) | 94.6 (90.2–99.2) | 93.7 (89.2–98.3) | 0.55 | 0.011 (−0.026–0.048) | 97.0 (90.4–104.0) | 99.8 (93.2–106.9) | 85.0 (79.1–91.4) | 0.01 | −0.069 (−0.123–−0.015) | 0.01 |
a Based on multiple linear regression analysis; the model included a continuous variable with the median value of dietary pattern score within each tertile category. b Partial regression coefficient associated with an increase in 1 category of dietary pattern score (95% confidence interval; 95% CI). c Multiplicative interactions between dietary patterns and each genotype. d Number of subjects. e Adjusted for study area (10 areas), gender (men or women), age (years, continuous), total energy intake (kcal/day, continuous), physical activity (METs h/day, continuous), alcohol consumption (never, former drinker, or current drinker consuming 0.1–22.9, 23.0–45.9 or ≥46 g ethanol/day), and smoking (never, former smoker, or current smoker consuming 1–19 or ≥20 cigarettes/day). f Geometric mean (95% CI). g Adjusted for all variables in Model 1 plus body mass index (kg/m2, continuous).