. 2016 Sep 13;8(9):563. doi: 10.3390/nu8090563

Table 3.

Icariin and icariside II used as adjuvant agents in combination with hemotherapeutic drugs.

Component	Chemotherapeutic Drugs	Cancer Types	Cell Lines	Tumor Models	Molecular Targets	Reference
Icariin	Temozolomide	Glioblastomamultiforme	U87MG		NF-κB↓	[62]
Icariin	Arsenic Trioxide	Acute promyelocytic leukemia	HL-60	Xenograft murine model (HepG2)	ROS↑	[63,64]
		Hepatocellular carcinoma	NB4		ROS↑
			SMMC-7721		ROS↑ NF-κB↓cyclin D1↓ Bcl-2↓Bcl-xL↓ COX-2↓survivin↓ VEGF↓
			HepG2		ROS↑ NF-κB↓cyclin D1↓ Bcl-2↓Bcl-xL↓ COX-2↓survivin↓ VEGF↓
Icariin	Doxorubicin	Osteosarcoma	MG-63/DOX		MDR1↓ PI3K/Akt pathway↓	[65]
Icariin	5-Fluorouracil	Colorectal cancer	HT29	Xenograft murine model (HCT116)	NF-κB↓ cyclin D1↓ caspase-8↑ caspase-9↑ caspase-3↑Bax↑ PARP↑Bcl-xL↑	[66]
Icariin	5-Fluorouracil	Colorectal cancer	HCT116	Xenograft murine model (HCT116)		[66]
Icariin	Gemcitabine	Gallbladder cancer	GBC-SD	Xenograft murine model (GBC-SD)	NF-κB↓ caspase-3↑ G0/G1 phase arrest↑ Bcl-2↓Bcl-xL↓	[67]
Icariin	Gemcitabine	Gallbladder cancer	SGC-996	Xenograft murine model (GBC-SD)	NF-κB↓ caspase-3↑ G0/G1 phase arrest↑ Bcl-2↓Bcl-xL↓	[67]
Icariside II	Paclitaxel	Melanoma	A375		TLR4–MyD88–ERK↓ caspase-3↑ IL-8 ↓ VEGF↓	[48]
Icariside II	Bortezomib	Multiple myeloma	U266		STAT3↓ JAK2↓ c-Src↓ SHP-1↓ PTEN↓ Bcl-2↓Bcl-xL↓survivin↓cyclin D1↓ COX-2↓ VEGF↓	[59]
Icariside II	Thalidomide	Multiple myeloma	U266			[59]

The empty cells under tumor model indicates the studies are performed on cells (in vitro) rather than on tumor models (in vivo). ↑, up-regulation; ↓, down-regulation.