Table 3.
Description of studies included in the meta-analysis apart from the AMORIS study.
| Study | Country | Study Design | Sample Size | Participant Characteristics | Follow-up Duration | Assessment of Serum Calcium | Findings | Adjustment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimates | Total Calcium (mmol/L) | Breast Cancer Risk | ||||||||
| Almquist et al. 2007 [9] | Sweden | Cohort | 7847 | Mean age 52.3 years | Mean: 17.8 years | Serum total calcium by photometry | Relative risk (RR) | <2.29 | Reference | Age, educational level, BMI, age at menarche, use of oral contraception, number of children, use of hormone-replacement therapy (HRT), smoking status, marital status, and alcohol consumption |
| 2.29–2.34 | 0.99 (0.76–1.28) | |||||||||
| 2.35–2.40 | 1.05 (0.81–1.36) | |||||||||
| ≥2.40 | 0.89 (0.67–1.19) | |||||||||
| Sprague et al. 2010 [6] | USA | Cohort | 2338 | Mean age 62.0 years | Mean: 14.3 years | Serum total calcium by ion-selective electrode analyzer | Hazard ratio (HR) | 1.40–2.28 | Reference | Age, education, menopausal status, age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, age at first birth, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and postmenopausal hormone use |
| 2.39–2.44 | 0.70 (0.42–1.17) | |||||||||
| 2.45–2.52 | 0.84 (0.51–1.40) | |||||||||
| 2.53–3.16 | 0.98 (0.60–1.60) | |||||||||