Table 1.
Modulation of miRNA expression relevant to NAFLD/NASH. Δ indicates up- (↑) or downregulation (↓). CYP7A1: cholesterol 7α1-hydroxylase; SREBP2: sterol response element-binding protein 2; SIRT1: sirtuin1; AMPK: 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; HMGCR: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase; FAS: fatty acid synthase; ACC: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RAC1: Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1; ?: mechanism and/or target unknown.
| miR | Δ | Disease | Model | Role | Validated/Predicted Target | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33a | ↑ | NASH | Mouse Liver | Cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis | CYP7A1, SREPB2 | [68] |
| 34a | ↑ | NAFLD/NASH | Human Biopsies | Lipid homeostasis | SIRT1-AMPK-HMGCR | [67,69] |
| 103a2 | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Insulin signaling, metabolism, inflammation | ? | [30,70] |
| 160b | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Insulin signaling | ? | [30] |
| 122 | ↓ | NASH | HFD mice/Human Biopsies | Lipid and cholesterol metabolism | HMGCR, FAS, SREBP1/2, ACC | [66,71] |
| 301a-3p | ↑ | Steatosis/NAFLD/NASH | Human Biopsies | ? | ? | [69] |
| 375 | ↓ | NAFLD/NASH/Cirrhosis | Human Biopsies | ? | ? | [69] |
| 576-5p | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Insulin signaling, metabolic homeostasis, inflammation | mTOR signaling, ephrin B signaling, ROS production, RAC1 | [70] |
| 892a | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Kupffer cell activation ? | ? | [70] |
| I137 | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | ? | ? | [70] |
| 1282 | ↓ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Insulin signaling, metabolism, inflammation | ? | [70] |
| 3663-5p | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Insulin signaling, metabolism, inflammation | ? | [70] |
| 3924 | ↑ | NAFLD | Human Biopsies | Insulin signaling, metabolism, inflammation | ? | [70] |