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. 2016 Sep 20;17(9):1578. doi: 10.3390/ijms17091578

Table 4.

Examples of polymeric biocides for antimicrobial applications.

Monomer Target Antimicrobial Substance Remark Reference
graphic file with name ijms-17-01578-i001.jpg Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli Sulfonium salt A high antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria [5]
graphic file with name ijms-17-01578-i002.jpg Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli Quaternary ammonium Activity depends on the length of hydrophobic segments [20]
graphic file with name ijms-17-01578-i003.jpg Escherichia coli Quaternary Ammonium Antimicrobial dental materials [20]
graphic file with name ijms-17-01578-i004.jpg Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis Benzimidazole Against Gram-positive bacterial strains MIC values 5.4–53.9 μM [45]
graphic file with name ijms-17-01578-i005.jpg Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli Halogen Inactivate 100% Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with a contact time of 10 and 30 min [46]
graphic file with name ijms-17-01578-i006.jpg Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli N-halamine Excellent biocidal efficacy by inactivating 100% of the bacteria with the contact times less than 10 min [47]