Table II.
Conventional treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to the recommendations in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (version 2011).
| Strategy | First choice | Substitution | Others |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | SAMA prn or SABA prn | LAMA or LABA or SABA + SAMA | Theophylline |
| B | LAMA or LABA | LAMA + LABA | Theophylline SABA +/or SAMA |
| C | ICS + LABA or LAMA | LABA + LAMA | Theophylline SABA +/or SAMA |
| Consider PDE4-I | |||
| D | ICS + LABA or LAMA | ICS + LABA + PDE4-I | Theophylline |
| LAMA + PDE4-I | SABA +/or SAMA | ||
| ICS + LAMA | Carbocisteine | ||
| LAMA + LABA |
SABA, short acting β2-receptor agonist; SAMA, short acting anticholinergic drug; prn, as needed; LABA, long acting β2-receptor agonist; LAMA, long acting anticholinergic drug; ICS, inhaled glucocorticoid; PDE4-I, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor.