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. 2016 Sep 22;11:2359–2367. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S113176

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© 2016 Soltani et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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The effects of ICS or placebo on LP vessels. The box plot of H-N shows that the LP was hypovascular in both treatment groups. Bars indicate medians. Dots and triangles represent current smoking and ex-smoking COPD subjects. There was strong trend for an increase in vessels overall, but this was confined to active smokers in whom the change was significant (P=0.05).

Abbreviations: LP, lamina propria; H-N, healthy nonsmokers; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.