Table 1.

Demographics of the study groups^a

Groups (numbers)	ICS (n=23)	Placebo (n=11)	Normal nonsmoking control (n=8)
Age, years	61 (46–69)	61 (52–69)	54 (32–68)
Female/male	9/14	4/7	2/6
Current smoker/ex-smoker	13/10	4/7	NA
Pack-year smoking history	44 (18–150)	51 (22–148)	0
GOLD stage I/II	12/11	5/6	NA
FEV1/FVC ratio	59 (41–68)	57 (38–68)	79 (71–88)b
%DLCO predicted	65 (44–87)	66 (45–90)	–
TLC, L	7.6 (5.3–8.4)	6.2 (5.1–9.8)	–
RV, L	2.8 (2.1–4.0)	2.4 (1.6–4.7)	–

Notes: Data from a normal control group have been added to this table from a comparable previous study. Adapted from Soltani A, Wood-Baker R, Sohal SS, Muller HK, Reid D, Walters EH. Reticular basement membrane vessels are increased in COPD bronchial mucosa by both factor VIII and collagen IV immunostaining and are hyperpermeable. J Allergy (Cairo). 2012:958383. Creative Commons license and disclaimer available from: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.⁷ This additional material was used for the comparison made in Figure 3 between normal controls and both treatment groups before and after interventions.

^aAll data in the table are presented as median (range);

^bsignificantly different between normal controls and COPD groups. “–”, no data.

Abbreviations: DLCO, diffusion capacity of lung diffusion for carbon monoxide; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; GOLD, Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; NA, not applicable; RV, residual volume; TLC, total lung capacity.