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. 2016 Sep 1;12(4):2568–2576. doi: 10.3892/etm.2016.3647

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Copyright: © Du et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 5. — Effect of opioid treatment on CD3⁺ cells in a rat model of bone cancer pain. Morphine treatment induced a reduction of the content of CD3⁺ cells. However, β-EP treatment caused a significant elevation of the CD3⁺ cell content. Flow cytometry shows CD3⁺ cells in the spleen of the (A) Sham surgery, (B) Surgery, (C) Morphine and (D) β-EP. (E) Quantification of (A-D). *P<0.05 vs. the sham surgery group; ^ΔP<0.05 vs. the surgery group; ^••P<0.01 vs. the morphine group. n=8–10. β-EP, β-endorphin.