. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2016 Jun 2;129(10):1067–1073. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.05.008

Table 2.

Association between pre-discharge initiation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBs) and 30-day post-discharge outcomes in a propensity-matched cohort of hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction <45%

30-day outcomes	% (events)		Absolute risk diff.^*	Hazard ratio^† (95% confidence interval)
	ACEIs or ARBs
	No (n=477)	Yes (n=477)
All-cause readmission	24% (116)	18% (88)	−6%	0.74 (0.56–0.97); p=0.030
Heart failure readmission	14% (65)	7% (35)	−7%	0.52 (0.35–0.79); p=0.002
All-cause mortality	7% (35)	4% (20)	−3%	0.56 (0.33–0.98); p=0.041
All-cause mortality or all-cause readmission	28% (133)	21% (100)	−7%	0.73 (0.56–0.94); p=0.017

Absolute risk differences were calculated by subtracting percent events in patients receiving no ACEIs or ARBs from those receiving those drugs

^†

The hazard ratios compared patients receiving ACEIs or ARBs versus those not receiving these drugs. These hazard ratios were calculated by treating patients without events during the first 30 days as censored.